Table 1 Maternal and neonatal characteristics of live births: United States, 2008–2018.
From: Trends in neonatal intensive care unit admissions by race/ethnicity in the United States, 2008–2018
Mother's race/ethnicity | Births, No. (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | White | Black | Hispanic | Other | |
No. of births | 38,011,843 | 20,202,011 | 5,484,266 | 9,233,196 | 3,092,370 |
% of births | 100.0 | 53.1 | 14.4 | 24.3 | 8.1 |
Maternal characteristics, % | |||||
Age category, year | |||||
< 20 | 7.1 | 5.2 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 3.0 |
20–24 | 22.2 | 19.8 | 29.9 | 26.0 | 12.2 |
25–29 | 28.7 | 30.0 | 27.3 | 27.5 | 26.6 |
30–34 | 26.2 | 28.9 | 19.5 | 21.6 | 34.3 |
35–39 | 12.8 | 13.2 | 9.9 | 11.5 | 19.2 |
40–54 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 4.8 |
Payment sourcea | |||||
Medicaid | 43.0 | 31.2 | 65.1 | 59.7 | 31.5 |
Private Insurance | 47.5 | 61.0 | 26.8 | 26.4 | 57.8 |
Self-Pay | 4.1 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 7.3 | 5.0 |
Other | 4.4 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 5.5 | 4.7 |
Unknown | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
WIC receiveda | 42.4 | 29.0 | 61.5 | 64.8 | 29.9 |
Unmarriedb | 40.4 | 29.2 | 71.0 | 52.6 | 22.8 |
Educational attainment | |||||
Less than high school | 16.1 | 8.5 | 17.3 | 34.1 | 9.8 |
High school | 25.1 | 21.9 | 33.4 | 30.4 | 16.3 |
Some college | 20.5 | 21.1 | 26.4 | 18.0 | 13.4 |
Associate or Bachelor's degree | 26.5 | 34.1 | 16.8 | 13.1 | 33.6 |
Master's or higher degree | 10.6 | 13.9 | 5.1 | 3.1 | 20.9 |
Unknown | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 6.0 |
Urban–rural classificationc | |||||
Large central metro | 38.4 | 28.4 | 47.2 | 49.5 | 55.5 |
Large fringe metro | 19.5 | 21.0 | 20.5 | 16.4 | 17.8 |
Medium metro | 22.4 | 24.3 | 19.1 | 22.6 | 14.7 |
Small metro | 9.9 | 12.9 | 7.6 | 6.2 | 5.6 |
Micropolitan | 7.7 | 10.5 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.7 |
Noncore | 2.1 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.8 |
Neonatal characteristics, % | |||||
Female | 48.8 | 48.7 | 49.2 | 49.0 | 48.5 |
Multiple gestations | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 2.4 | 3.2 |
Cesarean delivery | 32.4 | 31.6 | 35.7 | 32.0 | 32.7 |
Birthweight category, g | |||||
< 1500 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 1.1 | 1.1 |
1500–2499 | 6.7 | 5.9 | 10.5 | 5.9 | 7.2 |
2500–3999 | 84.3 | 83.6 | 82.7 | 85.9 | 86.3 |
≥ 4000 | 7.8 | 9.5 | 4.4 | 7.1 | 5.5 |
Gestational age, week | |||||
< 32 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 1.2 |
32–36 | 8.2 | 7.8 | 10.5 | 7.8 | 7.8 |
37–38 | 26.3 | 24.7 | 28.6 | 27.9 | 28.0 |
39–40 | 57.5 | 59.0 | 52.7 | 57.1 | 57.1 |
≥ 41 | 6.7 | 7.4 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.9 |
5-Minute Apgar score | |||||
< 7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 3.0 | 1.3 | 1.4 |
7–8 | 12.6 | 13.6 | 14.2 | 10.1 | 10.8 |
9–10 | 85.5 | 84.5 | 82.8 | 88.6 | 87.8 |
