Table 1 Comparison of time averaged droplet number with and without a face mask.

From: Spatiotemporal droplet dispersion measurements demonstrate face masks reduce risks from singing

Task

No mask

Mean ± SD

Mask

Mean ± SD

Ratio* (95% CI)

Fold-reduction (95% CI)

P-value

Exhale‡

3.80 ± 10.07

5.07 ± 11.84

0.461 (0.447, 0.475)

2.17 (2.11, 2.24)

< 0.001

Hello

8.38 ± 17.36

1.49 ± 3.42

0.109 (0.105, 0.114)

9.2 (8.8, 9.5)

< 0.001

Snake

3.56 ± 11.90

0.22 ± 0.49

0.113 (0.108, 0.118)

8.8 (8.5, 9.3)

< 0.001

Note

13.56 ± 17.82

0.12 ± 0.38

0.011 (0.010, 0.011)

92.7 (89.2, 96.4)

< 0.001

Happy Birthday

6.58 ± 17.68

0.63 ± 1.39

0.142 (0.130, 0.155)

7.0 (6.5, 7.7)

< 0.001

  1. *Odds ratio expressed as number of droplets using mask relative to no mask.
  2. ‡In a small number of participants, significant air egress through the mask led to a higher mean time averaged droplet number with a mask than without. Overall, TADN fell by more than 50% when wearing a mask.
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