Table 7 ML models’ statistics and performance metrics.
Model | RMSE | SD | R2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
k-NN | Total | 0.0276 | 0.4632 | 0.9802 |
Train | 0.0259 | 0.4799 | 0.9825 | |
Test | 0.0336 | 0.3901 | 0.9716 | |
Random forest | Total | 0.0208 | 0.2361 | 0.9886 |
Train | 0.0170 | 0.1820 | 0.9931 | |
Test | 0.0319 | 0.3826 | 0.9760 | |
XGBoost | Total | 0.0241 | 0.8669 | 0.9859 |
Train | 0.0219 | 0.9005 | 0.9884 | |
Test | 0.0316 | 0.7181 | 0.9767 | |
LightGBM | Total | 0.0295 | 0.7002 | 0.9790 |
Train | 0.0276 | 0.6415 | 0.9801 | |
Test | 0.0328 | 0.8981 | 0.9729 | |
CatBoost | Total | 0.0147 | 0.1739 | 0.9943 |
Train | 0.0125 | 0.1219 | 0.9960 | |
Test | 0.0213 | 0.3032 | 0.9887 |