Figure 2

Alpha and beta diversity indexes of colostrum (A–C) Alpha diversity. (D, E) Beta diversity. (A) Shannon index. (B) Number of observed ASVs. (C) Phylogenetic diversity. All of the Alpha indexes showed significant differences after a general linear model (glm) with a confidence level of 95% (p ≤ 0.05). The Fisher test was implemented for comparisons. Graphs were plotted using GraphPad Prism version 6.0.0, GraphPad Software, San Diego, California USA (www.graphpad.com). (D) Unweighted principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) biplot of UniFrac distances with vectors at family level. (E) Robust principal component analysis (RPCA) biplot using DEICODE (robust Aitchison). Beta diversity distance matrices were generated and analyzed in the QIIME2 platform. Beta indexes showed significant differences after being assessed by permutational ANOVA (999 permutations). *p ≤ 0.10; **p ≤ 0.05. Plots were visualized using the QIIME2 plugin Emperor26.