Table 3 Coefficients for the different nationalities in the binomial regression model for all kicks taken in penalty shootouts faced by goalkeepers during Champions League and Europa League matches (85 of 311 penalty kicks were missed against 48 different goalkeepers in the analyzed time periods). In the analyzed time periods, no penalty kicks were taken against Argentinian goalkeepers in penalty shootouts in the Champions and Europa League.

From: English goalkeepers are not responsible for England’s poor performance in penalty shootouts in the past

Country

Estimate

Std. Error

z

p

Odds Ratio

Other (intercept)

−1.006

0.213

−4.712

 < 0.001

0.366

England

−0.786

1.101

−0.714

0.475

0.456

Germany

0.657

0.433

1.517

0.129

1.929

Spain

0.165

0.333

0.495

0.620

1.179

Italy

0.600

0.937

0.640

0.522

1.822

Netherlands

−1.074

0.648

−1.656

0.098

0.342

Brazil

0.067

0.447

0.150

0.880

1.070

Argentina

–

–

–

–

–

France

−0.198

0.512

−0.388

0.698

0.820

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