Table 4 Coefficients for the different nationalities in the binomial regression model for all in-game penalty kicks faced by goalkeepers during Champions League and Europa League matches (341 of 1,358 penalty kicks were missed against 512 different goalkeepers in the analyzed time periods).

From: English goalkeepers are not responsible for England’s poor performance in penalty shootouts in the past

Country

Estimate

SE

z

p

Odds Ratio

Other (intercept)

−1.083

0.082

−13.221

 < 0.001

0.338

England

0.524

0.451

1.162

0.245

1.688

Germany

0.228

0.214

1.342

0.180

1.333

Spain

0.040

0.224

0.179

0.858

1.041

Italy

−0.359

0.319

−1.125

0.261

0.698

Netherlands

−0.039

0.318

−0.122

0.903

0.962

Brazil

−0.359

0.319

−1.125

0.261

0.698

Argentina

0.139

0.453

0.307

0.759

1.149

France

−0.276

0.270

−1.023

0.306

0.759

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