Table 3 Differences in haematological, cardiometabolic and anthropometrics traits between carriers and non-carriers of HBB mutations. width RDW-SD in Pomak, RDW-a in Manolis.

Red cell distribution

fl

b+

− 10.45

0.74

< 2e−16

b+

− 16.78

0.90

< 2e−16

b0

− 12.06

2.28

1.4e−07

b0

− 17.28

0.97

< 2e−16

HbO

− 6.42

0.30

 < 2e−16

HbS

− 6.92

1.81

1.4E−04

Red blood cell count

10^12/l

b+

1.02

0.08

 < 2e−16

b+

0.88

0.08

 < 2e−16

b0

0.82

0.26

1.3E−03

b0

1.03

0.08

 < 2e−16

HbO

0.30

0.03

 < 2e−16

HbS

0.15

0.14

0.30

Haemoglobin

g/l

b+

− 1.92

0.28

4.5e−12

b+

− 1.85

0.20

 < 2e−16

b0

− 2.70

0.84

1.4e−03

b0

− 2.15

0.21

 < 2e−16

HbO

0.20

0.11

0.07

HbS

− 0.68

0.37

0.07

Haematocrit

%

b+

− 2.82

0.71

7.4e−05

b+

− 4.70

0.59

3.7E−15

b0

− 5.71

2.17

8.7e−03

b0

− 5.50

0.62

 < 2e−16

HbO

− 1.09

0.29

1.3e−04

HbS

− 2.39

1.09

0.03

Mean corpuscular volume

fl

b+

− 20.35

1.06

 < 2e−16

b+

− 21.42

0.83

 < 2e−16

b0

− 24.49

3.27

1.1e−13

b0

− 24.20

0.87

 < 2e−16

HbO

− 7.43

0.43

 < 2e−16

HbS

− 7.21

1.54

3.2E−06

Mean corpuscular haemoglobin

pg

b+

− 8.47

0.46

 < 2e−16

b+

− 7.79

0.31

 < 2e−16

b0

− 9.67

1.42

1.6e−11

b0

− 8.77

0.33

 < 2e−16

HbO

− 1.34

0.19

1.3e−12

HbS

− 2.18

0.58

1.9E−04

Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration

g/dl

b+

− 2.51

0.25

 < 2e−16

b+

− 0.64

0.15

2.2E−05

b0

− 2.40

0.77

1.8e−03

b0

− 0.67

0.16

2.9E−05

HbO

1.39

0.10

 < 2e−16

HbS

0.41

0.28

0.14

Platelet count

10^9/l

b+

26.81

12.64

0.03

b+

6.38

8.73

0.46

b0

− 7.31

38.76

0.85

b0

− 8.64

9.19

0.35

HbO

5.53

5.11

0.28

HbS

− 41.88

16.18

9.8E−03

Platelet distribution width

fl

b+

0.21

0.46

0.64

b+

0.42

0.19

0.03

b0

0.33

1.87

0.86

b0

0.87

0.21

5.4E−05

HbO

0.62

0.18

4.2e−04

HbS

− 0.56

0.40

0.16

Mean platelet volume

fl

b+

− 0.22

0.24

0.35

b+

0.18

0.14

0.21

b0

− 0.71

0.97

0.46

b0

0.44

0.15

3.1E−03

HbO

0.34

0.09

1.6e−04

HbS

− 0.36

0.26

0.16

Plateletcrit

%

b+

b+

0.01

0.01

0.08

b0

b0

0.01

0.01

0.31

HbO

HbS

− 0.05

0.01

5.8E−04

Large platelet distribution ratio

%

b+

− 0.45

1.82

0.80

b+

2.24

0.92

0.02

b0

− 3.30

7.45

0.66

b0

4.70

1.00

2.9E−06

HbO

2.77

0.70

7.5e−05

HbS

− 2.74

1.86

0.14

Granulocyte count

10^9/l

b+

b+

0.38

0.25

0.12

b0

b0

0.79

0.27

3.4E−03

HbO

HbS

− 0.35

0.50

0.49

White blood cell count

10^9/l

b+

0.53

0.42

0.21

b+

0.67

0.30

0.03

b0

0.70

1.28

0.58

b0

0.87

0.32

6.5E−03

HbO

1.25

0.17

1.6e−13

HbS

− 0.76

0.56

0.18

Lymphocyte count

10^9/l

b+

0.38

0.16

0.01

b+

0.22

0.12

0.05

b0

1.29

0.48

7.2e−03

b0

− 0.03

0.12

0.78

HbO

0.36

0.06

1.3e−08

HbS

− 0.38

0.22

0.08

Neutrophil count

10^3/L

b+

− 0.27

0.39

0.48

b+

b0

− 0.54

1.03

0.60

b0

HbO

0.77

0.14

9.8e−08

HbS

Mixed cell count

10^3/L

b+

0.05

0.07

0.47

b+

0.02

0.02

0.34

b0

− 0.05

0.18

0.76

b0

0.02

0.03

0.49

HbO

0.03

0.02

0.19

HbS

− 0.04

0.05

0.44

C-reactive protein

nmol/L

b+

− 1.32

14.12

0.93

b+

3.08

16.76

0.85

b0

− 8.13

40.97

0.84

b0

3.83

19.69

0.85

HbO

0.10

5.85

0.99

HbS

− 2.16

28.97

0.94

Ferritin

pmol/L

b+

45.05

41.42

0.28

b+

12.46

41.02

0.76

b0

302.18

127.04

0.02

b0

91.95

46.69

0.05

HbO

24.78

17.07

0.15

HbS

− 66.81

71.68

0.35

Iron

mmol/L

b+

− 1.14

1.59

0.47

b+

0.52

0.86

0.54

b0

3.86

4.86

0.43

b0

1.59

0.98

0.10

HbO

1.57

0.65

0.02

HbS

− 2.70

1.50

0.07

Glucose

mmol/l

b+

0.01

0.40

0.99

b+

− 0.31

0.28

0.26

b0

− 1.61

1.21

0.19

b0

0.38

0.31

0.23

HbO

− 0.07

0.16

0.66

HbS

0.98

0.48

0.04

Insulin

pmol/L

b+

− 8.46

28.31

0.77

b+

− 11.73

22.27

0.60

b0

− 38.26

86.83

0.66

b0

92.40

25.09

0.00

HbO

− 11.76

11.67

0.31

HbS

37.28

38.51

0.33

High-density lipoprotein

mmol/L

b+

− 0.21

0.07

3.2e−03

b+

− 0.04

0.05

0.47

b0

− 0.25

0.22

0.25

b0

− 0.10

0.06

0.09

HbO

− 0.05

0.03

0.12

HbS

− 0.12

0.09

0.15

Low-density lipoprotein

mmol/L

b+

− 0.14

0.21

0.50

b+

− 0.43

0.14

2.5E−03

b0

1.21

0.64

0.06

b0

− 0.44

0.16

6.4E−03

HbO

0.01

0.09

0.90

HbS

0.02

0.25

0.93

Triglycerides

mmol/L

b+

− 0.06

0.21

0.79

b+

− 0.16

0.17

0.35

b0

0.02

0.63

0.98

b0

− 0.25

0.19

0.19

HbO

0.01

0.08

0.89

HbS

0.25

0.30

0.41

Total cholesterol

mmol/L

b+

− 0.38

0.23

0.11

b+

− 0.53

0.16

9.6E−04

b0

0.96

0.72

0.18

b0

− 0.65

0.18

4.3E−04

HbO

− 0.03

0.10

0.77

HbS

0.01

0.28

0.97

Thyroid stimulating hormone

uIU/ml

b+

− 0.03

0.87

0.97

b+

− 0.23

0.49

0.64

b0

0.75

3.36

0.82

b0

− 0.54

0.58

0.35

HbO

− 0.19

0.32

0.56

HbS

− 0.20

0.87

0.82

Free thyroxine

ng/dl

b+

− 0.12

0.05

0.01

b+

0.07

0.03

0.03

b0

− 0.11

0.19

0.56

b0

0.00

0.04

0.99

HbO

0.05

0.02

0.01

HbS

0.01

0.06

0.85

Osteocalcin

ng/ml

b+

2.18

3.20

0.50

b+

2.19

1.34

0.10

b0

9.15

10.56

0.39

b0

− 1.31

1.59

0.41

HbO

1.07

1.18

0.36

HbS

− 2.39

2.31

0.30

Bilirubin

mg/dl

b+

0.08

0.02

1.2e−04

b+

0.04

0.01

2.2E−03

b0

0.07

0.08

0.39

b0

0.05

0.01

8.8E−04

HbO

0.04

0.01

2.8e−07

HbS

− 0.02

0.02

0.39

Alanine aminotransferase

iu/l

b+

− 1.15

1.84

0.53

b+

− 5.42

1.79

2.5E−03

b0

− 4.95

7.10

0.49

b0

− 3.82

2.13

0.07

HbO

0.62

0.67

0.36

HbS

− 4.37

3.10

0.16

Gamma-glutamyl transferase

iu/l

b+

4.49

3.95

0.26

b+

− 5.76

3.24

0.08

b0

− 6.96

15.22

0.65

b0

− 0.80

3.86

0.84

HbO

2.53

1.44

0.08

HbS

− 6.24

5.79

0.28

Leptin

ng/ml

b+

b+

− 1.79

3.51

0.61

b0

b0

− 7.42

4.52

0.10

HbO

HbS

13.75

6.35

0.03

Adiponectin

ug/ml

b+

b+

− 0.54

0.49

0.27

b0

b0

− 0.77

0.54

0.15

HbO

HbS

− 2.31

0.95

0.01

Weight

kg

b+

3.94

3.29

0.23

b+

− 0.71

2.22

0.75

b0

− 4.97

10.09

0.62

b0

1.34

2.50

0.59

HbO

0.12

1.34

0.93

HbS

6.91

3.67

0.06

Height

cm

b+

0.66

1.54

0.67

b+

− 0.41

0.09

7.8E−06

b0

5.30

4.60

0.25

b0

− 2.01

1.12

0.07

HbO

− 0.53

0.61

0.39

HbS

5.98

1.69

4.0E−04

Waist-hip ratio

b+

0.03

0.02

0.11

b+

− 0.01

0.01

0.52

b0

0.02

0.06

0.70

b0

0.02

0.01

0.13

HbO

0.01

0.01

0.08

HbS

0.00

0.02

0.85

Body-mass-index

b+

1.65

1.21

0.18

b+

− 0.38

0.82

0.65

b0

− 3.75

3.62

0.30

b0

1.25

0.92

0.17

HbO

0.27

0.48

0.57

HbS

0.61

1.37

0.66

Gestation age

Months

b+

b+

− 0.41

0.09

7.8E−06

b0

b0

0.03

0.08

0.66

HbO

HbS

0.03

0.10

0.72