Table 3 Demographic and clinical characteristics of placebo responders and non-responders.

From: Cortical morphology predicts placebo response in multiple sclerosis

 

Non-responder (n = 45)

Responder (n = 43)

p

Venoplasty, n

24

18

0.19

Sham, n

21

25

Males, n

18

13

0.24

Females, n

27

30

Age, mean (SD)

55.0 (7.4)

53.0 (8.5)

0.26

Disease duration, mean (SD)

18.8 (9.6)

16.7 (8.1)

0.29

MS type (n)

RRMS

25

30

0.35

PPMS

6

3

SPMS

14

10

Baseline EDSS, median (range)

4.0 (0–6.5)

4.0 (0–6.5)

0.09

Baseline MSFC, mean (SD)

7.2 (6.2)

8.9 (4.9)

0.17

25 foot walk, mean (SD)

15.80 (12.15)

11.87 (7.24)

0.07

9 hole peg test, mean (SD)

108.50 (49.73)

94.41 (36.04)

0.13

PASAT, mean (SD)

37.53 (14.70)

38.63 (14.97)

0.73

Baseline MSQOL-54 PH

55.54 (21.57)

56.96 (18.79)

0.74

  1. RRMS = Remitting relapsing MS; PPMS = primary progressive MS; SPMS = secondary progressive MS; EDSS = expanded disability status scale; MSFC = multiple sclerosis functional composite; PASAT = paced auditory serial addition test; MSQOL-54 PH = multiple sclerosis quality of life-54, physical health composite. For MSFC, raw scores rather than z-scores are given.
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