Table 2 Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) among observed variables (N = 153).

From: Upper extremity motor abilities and cognitive capability mediate the causal dependency between somatosensory capability and daily function in stroke individuals

 

Somatosensory capability

Cognitive capability

UE motor function

UE muscle strength

Independence in daily function

S1

S2

S3

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

F1

F2

F3

M1

M2

M3

M4

D1

D2

D3

D4

Somatosensory capability (rNSA)

Tactile (S1)

1.00

0.84**

0.72**

0.21*

0.06

0.26*

0.14

0.06

0.09

0.14

− 0.3**

0.28**

0.26*

0.03

0.03

0.13

0.04

0.10

0.12

0.04

0.17*

Proprioception (S2)

 

1.00

0.7**

0.19*

0.07

0.25*

0.15

0.07

0.02

0.13

− 0.3**

0.32**

0.28**

0.05

0.08

0.17*

0.04

0.07

0.12

0.01

0.11

Stereognosis (S3)

  

1.00

0.16

0.14

0.29**

0.23*

0.13

0.08

0.09

− 0.29**

0.35**

0.32**

0.1

0.09

0.21*

0.1

0.00

0.03

0.02

0.14

Cognitive capability (MoCA)

Visuospatial (C1)

   

1.00

0.30**

0.45**

0.28**

0.26*

0.30**

0.03

− 0.05

− 0.04

0.07

0.15

0.06

0.04

− 0.09

0.11

0.09

0.12

0.22*

Naming (C2)

    

1.00

0.32**

0.42**

0.37**

0.25*

0.13

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.04

− 0.02

− 0.01

− 0.01

0.08

0.02

0.18*

0.24*

Attention (C3)

     

1.00

0.45**

0.36**

0.29**

0.15

0.09

− 0.03

0.01

− 0.02

− 0.16*

− 0.06

− 0.19*

0.09

0.07

0.1

0.26*

Language (C4)

      

1.00

0.40**

0.27**

0.27**

0.01

0.14

0.14

0.21*

0.09

0.04

0.07

0.05

0.08

0.09

0.37**

Abstract (C5)

       

1.00

0.18*

0.06

0.14

− 0.05

− 0.08

0.04

− 0.06

− 0.08

0.02

0.02

− 0.01

0.02

0.32**

Recall (C6)

        

1.00

0.08

0.03

0.02

0.08

0.17*

0.03

0.03

0.04

0.16*

0.08

0.12

0.23*

Orientation (C7)

         

1.00

− 0.03

0.19*

0.10

− 0.02

0.08

0.13

0.08

0.08

0.11

0.08

0.19*

Functional use (WMFT & CAHAI)

WMFT_time (F1)

          

1.00

− 0.67**

− 0.56**

− 0.20*

− 0.24*

− 0.54**

− 0.45**

− 0.15

− 0.21*

− 0.09

0.06

WMFT_quality (F2)

           

1.00

0.78**

0.30**

0.40**

0.65**

0.66**

0.16*

0.20*

0.11

− 0.07

CAHAI (F3)

            

1.00

0.27**

0.34**

0.52**

0.55**

0.08

0.15

0.11

− 0.05

UE muscle strength (MRC)

Shoulder (M1)

             

1.00

0.50**

0.20*

0.37**

0.19*

0.14

0.12

0.12

Elbow (M2)

              

1.00

0.40**

0.40**

0.20*

0.16*

0.13

0.00

Wrist (M3)

               

1.00

0.66**

0.14

0.18*

0.10

− 0.12

Finger (M4)

                

1.00

0.12

0.17*

0.10

− 0.09

Independence in daily function (NEADL)

Mobility (D1)

                 

1.00

0.61**

0.63**

0.31**

Kitchen (D2)

                  

1.00

0.70**

0.25*

Living (D3)

                   

1.00

0.36**

Leisure (D4)

                    

1.00

  1. MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; FMA-UE: Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper extremity; rNSA: Revised Nottingham Sensory Assessment; MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment; WMFT: Wolf Motor Function Test; CAHAI: Chedoke Arm and the Hand Activity Inventory; MRC: Medical Research Council scale; NEADL: Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Scale.
  2. P < 0.10; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.001.