Table 9 Executive functions: Hedge’s g effect sizes for each test, in descending order.

Planning

Stockings of Cambridge

2

101

157

− 0.14

0.13

− 0.390 to 0.109

0.271

0.21

0.65

0.00

Capuron et al.¹³, Majer et al.³³

Flexibility

TMT B

8

255

205

0.42

0.10

0.230–0.603

0.0001

5.06

0.65

0.00

Claypoole et al.¹⁵, De Luca et al.²¹, Krupp et al.³⁰, Lawrie et al.³¹, Michiels et al.⁴⁰, Michiels et al.³⁹, Robinson et al.⁴⁴, Vercoulen et al.⁵⁴

TMT B-A

2

102

73

0.10

0.16

− 0.209 to 0.403

0.536

0.26

0.61

0.00

Robinson et al.⁴⁴, Vercoulen et al.⁵⁴

Inhibition

Stroop

Interference (corrects)

2

51

61

− 0.51

0.19

− 0.885 to − 0.136

0.008

0.97

0.33

0.00

Beaumont¹¹, Di Clementi et al.⁵⁷

Interference (s) Cotation 2

2

78

40

0.40

0.20

0.004 to 0.788

0.048

0.42

0.52

0.00

Mahurin et al.³², Smith et al.⁵¹

Interference (s) Cotation 1

3

124

124

0.41

0.13

0.159 to 0.657

0.001

0.00

1.00

0.00

Cockshell et al.¹⁷, Cockshell et al. (2014), Ray et al.⁶⁰

Generation of information

FAS fluencies

5

180

130

− 0.37

0.12

− 0.603 to − 0.142

0.002

7.73

0.10

48.27

Cockshell et al.¹⁷, Joyce et al.²⁹, Lawrie et al.³¹, Marcel et al.³⁴, Robinson et al.⁴⁴

Category fluencies

3

99

95

− 0.35

0.14

− 0.635 to − 0.072

0.014

2.47

0.29

19.15

Cockshell et al.¹⁷, Joyce et al.²⁹, Marcel et al.³⁴

Controlled oral word

2

42

42

− 0.02

0.22

− 0.448 to 0.406

0.922

5.77

0.02

82.68

Claypoole et al.¹⁵, Krupp et al.³⁰

Abstraction

WAIS-R similarities

2

34

33

0.04

0.24

− 0.425 to 0.510

0.86

0.06

0.80

0.00

Claypoole et al.¹⁵, DeLuca et al.²⁰