Table 1 Comparison of clinical characteristics, and outcomes between non-survivors and survivors in MPA patients.

Characteristics	Non-survivors (n = 24)	Survivors (n = 56)	P value
Age, years	76 (70–81)	73 (68–78)	0.054
Female, n (%)	13 (54)	29 (52)	1.000
Laboratory findings
WBC, /mm³	12,930 (8010–16,115)	10,715 (7265–13,988)	0.24
Hb, g/dL	10.5 (8.2–12.5)	10.1 (8.7–12)	0.64
Alb, g/dL	2.5 (2.0–3.1)	2.5 (2.2–3.2)	0.72
LD, IU/L	206 (170–244)	192 (166–237)	0.73
Cr, mg/dL	1.6 (0.8–2.3)	1.1 (0.7–1.8)	0.10
CRP, mg/mL	11.4 (4.3–14.3)	9.3 (3.0–12.4)	0.17
Positive anti-MPO-ANCA, n (%)	23 (95.8)	56 (100)	0.3
Positive anti-PR3-ANCA, n (%)	2 (8.3)	1 (1.8)	0.21
MPO-ANCA titer, U/mL	80.3 (35.4–245)^a	97.9 (58.5–253.3)	0.70
BVAS at onset	20 (13–23)	16.5 (9.3–22.8)	0.26
Five factor score 2009
≦ 1	1 (4.2)	18 (32.1)	0.008**
2	16 (66.7)	29 (51.8)	0.325
≧ 3	7 (29.2)	9 (16.1)	0.226
EUVAS-defined disease severity
Localized	0 (0)	3 (5.4)	0.55
Early systemic	2 (8.3)	10 (17.9)	0.33
Systemic	13 (54.2)	34 (60.7)	0.63
Severe	9 (37.5)	9 (16.1)	0.04*
Outcome
Respiratory related death, n (%)	14 (58.3)
Cause of non-respiratory death
Cardiac failure, n (%)	2 (8.3)
Cerebral hemorrhage, n (%)	1 (4.2)
Cerebral infarction, n (%)	1 (4.2)
Mediastinal hematoma, n (%)	1 (4.2)
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage, n (%)	1 (4.2)
Others, n (%)	4 (16.7)

The laboratory markers are presented as the median (interquartile range). The P-values were estimated using Fisher’s exact test or Wilcoxon rank sum test.
MPA microscopic polyangiitis, WBC white blood cell, Hb hemoglobin, Alb albumin, LD lactate dehydrogenase, Cr creatinine, CRP C-reactive protein, MPO-ANCA myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody, PR3-ANCA proteinase 3-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, BVAS Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score, EUVAS European Vasculitis Study Group.
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.
^aNumber of subjects, n = 23.

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