Figure 4

Remote ischemic preconditioning alleviated myocardial infarction. (A) Representative sections of triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC)-stained heart subjected to 45 min myocardial ischemia followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Sham, sham surgery; CON, LAD ligation; RLIPC, remote liver ischemic preconditioning; DM: diabetic rats. (B) Quantification of myocardial infarct size expressed as a percentage of left ventricular (LV) area at risk (AAR) (top) and AAR expressed as a percentage of LV area (bottom). Data were presented as mean ± SEM; n = 6–7 each group. ^††p < 0.01 and ^†††p < 0.001 compared with CON; and ^‡‡p < 0.01 compared with DM-CON (by one-way ANOVA). (C) Post-reperfusion injury mean serum levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in rats subjected to 45 min of left anterior descending artery occlusion followed by 3 h of reperfusion. n = 6–8 each group. ^††p < 0.01 compared with CON; and ^‡‡‡p < 0.001 compared with DM-CON (by one-way ANOVA). (D) Post-reperfusion injury mean serum levels of α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH). n = 6–8 each group. ^††p < 0.01 compared with CON; and ^‡‡p < 0.01 compared with DM-CON (by one-way ANOVA).