Figure 2
From: Probiotics improve the neurometabolic profile of rats with chronic cholestatic liver disease
Representative in vivo 1H MRS spectra 8 weeks after surgery from sham rat, sham + probiotic rat, BDL rat and BDL + probiotic rat (SPECIAL sequence, TE = 2.8 ms, TR = 4000 ms, 160 averages). Blue bands highlight glutamine resonance that is visibly increased in BDL rats with smaller increase in BDL + probiotic rat. T2 weighted axial image of the rat brain indicates position of measured volume (2 × 2.8 × 2mm3) placed in dorsal hippocampus. Ala alanine, Asc ascorbate, Asp aspartate, GPC glycerophosphocholine, PCho phosphocholine, Cr creatine, PCr phosphocreatine, GABA γ-aminobutyric acid, Glc glucose, Gln glutamine, Glu glutamate, GSH glutathione, mIns myo-inositol, Lac lactate, NAA N-acetylaspartate, NAAG N-acetylaspartylglutamate, PE phosphoethanolamine, Tau taurine.
