Table 3 Hazard ratios and 95% CI for composite events in each of HFrEF and HFpEF.

From: Serum iron: a new predictor of adverse outcomes independently from serum hemoglobin levels in patients with acute decompensated heart failure

 

All-cause death or readmission for HF

HFrEF

HFpEF

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

Model 1

Low iron (serum Fe < 62 µg/dL)

2.404 (1.661–3.515)

 < 0.0001

1.886 (1.349–2.657)

0.0002

Model 2

Low iron (serum Fe < 62 µg/dL)

2.082 (1.425–3.072)

0.0002

1.741 (1.243–2.456)

0.0014

Age, year

1.031 (1.012–1.051)

0.0014

1.037 (1.020–1.055)

 < 0.0001

Male

1.637 (1.072–2.499)

0.0226

1.349 (0.967–1.881)

0.0776

Model 3

Low iron (serum Fe < 62 µg/dL)

1.504 (1.006–2.269)

0.0467

1.615 (1.121–2.347)

0.0099

Age, year

1.019 (0.999–1.040)

0.0597

1.034 (1.017–1.051)

 < 0.0001

Male

1.687 (1.090–2.611)

0.0148

1.358 (0.972–1.896)

0.0733

Hemoglobin, g/dL

0.798 (0.713–0.891)

 < 0.0001

0.888 (0.791–0.994)

0.0391

eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2

0.999 (0.987–1.010)

0.8059

1.007 (1.000–1.015)

0.0617

Plasma BNP, 100 pg/mL

1.022 (0.987–1.055)

0.2122

1.022 (0.974–1.061)

0.3450

LVEF, %

0.976 (0.949–1.005)

0.0972

1.007 (0.983–1.032)

0.5614

Model 4

Low iron (serum Fe < 62 µg/dL)

1.564 (1.018–2.402)

0.0411

1.769 (1.094–2.860)

0.0201

Age, year

1.019 (0.999–1.041)

0.0639

1.036 (1.018–1.055)

 < 0.0001

Male

1.725 (1.100–2.706)

0.0139

1.343 (0.952–1.894)

0.0930

Hemoglobin, g/dL

0.796 (0.709–0.891)

 < 0.0001

0.898 (0.798–1.011)

0.0747

eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2

0.999 (0.988–1.010)

0.8755

1.008 (0.999–1.016)

0.0662

Plasma BNP, 100 pg/mL

1.019 (0.982–1.054)

0.3052

1.023 (0.980–1.067)

0.3029

LVEF, %

0.975 (0.948–1.004)

0.0906

1.006 (0.981–1.032)

0.6293

Ferritin, µg/L

1.000 (0.999–1.001)

0.8929

1.000 (0.999–1.001)

0.8627

TSAT, %

1.003 (0.991–1.011)

0.5676

1.007 (0.989–1.025)

0.4461

Model 5

Low iron (serum Fe < 62 µg/dL)

1.638 (1.037–2.563)

0.0311

1.726 (0.998–2.985)

0.0508

Hemoglobin, g/dL

0.808 (0.725–0.900)

0.0001

0.882 (0.777–1.001)

0.0515

MCV, fl

1.060 (1.025–1.097)

0.0008

1.020 (0.992–1.050)

0.1674

Ferritin, µg/L

0.999 (0.998–1.001)

0.4057

1.000 (0.999–1.001)

0.8305

TSAT, %

1.002 (0.985–1.011)

0.7454

1.002 (0.982–1.022)

0.8496

Transferrin, mg/dL

0.997 (0.993–1.002)

0.2227

1.005 (1.000–1.009)

0.0327

  1. HF heart failure; HFrEF heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HFpEF heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate; BNP B-type natriuretic peptide; LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction; TSAT transferrin saturation; MCV mean corpuscular volume, HR hazard ratio; CI confidence interval.
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