Table 1 Characteristics of participants in the development cohort by ICU admission.
From: Low birth weight as a potential risk factor for severe COVID-19 in adults
All population (N = 397) | No ICU admission (N = 337) | ICU admission (N = 60) | P value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic and clinical characteristics in adulthood | ||||
Mean age (± SD)—years | 47 ± 12.2 | 46 ± 12.2 | 53 ± 10.1 | < 0.001 |
Female—no. (%) | 197 (49.6) | 183 (54.3) | 14 (23.3) | < 0.001 |
Mean body mass index (± SD)—kg/m2 | 26.9 ± 5 | 26.6 ± 5 | 28.6 ± 4.8 | 0.005 |
Current smoker—no. (%) | 27 (6.8) | 24 (7.1) | 3 (5) | 0.394 |
Ex-smoker—no. (%) | 129 (32.5) | 104 (30.9) | 25 (41.7) | 0.069 |
Coexisting conditions—no. (%) | ||||
Hypertension | 66 (16.6) | 40 (11.9) | 26 (43.3) | < 0.001 |
Cardiovascular disease | 16 (4) | 12 (3.6) | 4 (6.7) | 0.211 |
Diabetes mellitus | 32 (8.1) | 26 (7.7) | 6 (10) | 0.350 |
Obesity | 98 (24.7) | 84 (24.9) | 14 (23.3) | 0.467 |
Dyslipidemia | 31 (7.8) | 23 (6.8) | 8 (13.3) | 0.077 |
Chronic lung disease | 37 (9.3) | 33 (9.8) | 4 (6.7) | 0.312 |
Chronic kidney disease | 20 (5) | 14 (4.2) | 6 (10) | 0.064 |
Autoimmune disease | 12 (3) | 10 (3) | 2 (3.3) | 0.564 |
Malignancy | 28 (7.1) | 22 (6.5) | 6 (10) | 0.235 |
Thyroid disorders | 25 (6.3) | 21 (6.2) | 4 (6.7) | 0.540 |
Other viral infectionsa | 11 (2.8) | 8 (2.4) | 3 (5) | 0.223 |
Psychiatric disordersb | 23 (5.8) | 19 (5.6) | 4 (6.7) | 0.469 |
Previous hospital admission within the last 12 months—no. (%) | 32 (8.1) | 27 (8) | 5 (8.3) | 0.548 |
Drugs within last 15 days before COVID-19 diagnosis—no. (%) | ||||
NSAIDs | 142 (35.8) | 120 (35.6) | 22 (36.7) | 0.492 |
ACE inhibitors | 27 (6.8) | 21 (6.2) | 6 (10) | 0.208 |
Corticoids | 12 (3) | 11 (3.3) | 1 (1.7) | 0.436 |
Perinatal and childhood characteristics | ||||
Mean birth weight (± SD)—g | 3302 ± 666 | 3296 ± 635 | 3335 ± 826 | 0.728 |
Low birth weight—no. (%) | 43 (10.8) | 32 (9.5) | 11 (18.3) | 0.041 |
Fetal growth restriction—no. (%) | 65 (16.4) | 50 (14.8) | 15 (25) | 0.043 |
Prematurity—no. (%) | 28 (7.1) | 23 (6.8) | 5 (8.3) | 0.420 |
Childhood lung disease—no. (%) | 75 (18.9) | 67 (19.9) | 8 (13.3) | 0.155 |
Asthma | 42 (10.6) | 39 (11.6) | 3 (5) | 0.229 |
Bronchitis | 20 (5) | 16 (4.7) | 4 (6.7) | 0.126 |
Other lung disease | 13 (3.3) | 12 (3.6) | 1 (1.7) | 0.579 |
