Table 2 Characteristics of participants included in this study (subgroup analysis by hypertension).

N

20,803

18,674

Age^a

54.08 ± 0.23

39.87 ± 0.19

< 0.001

Male (%)^b

51.6 (50.7–52.0)

44.7 (43.8–45.5)

< 0.001

Ethnicity (%)^b

Mexican Americans

6.1 (5.1–7.0)

9.9 (8.6–11.0)

< 0.001

Other Hispanics

4.4 (3.6–5.0)

6.6 (5.6–8.0)

Non-Hispanic White

71.1 (68.7–73.0)

67.2 (64.8–69.0)

Non-Hispanic Black

12.5 (11.1–14.0)

9.3 (8.3–10.0)

Other ethnicities

6.0 (5.3–7.0)

7.0 (6.3–8.0)

Blood lead level (µg/dL)^c

1.44 [1.41–1.47]

1.12 [1.10–1.14]

< 0.001

Waist circumference (cm)^a

102.94 ± 0.20

93.41 ± 0.21

< 0.001

Ever cigarette smoking (%)^b

49.4 (48.1–51.0)

43.8 (42.5–45.0)

< 0.001

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)^a

129.7 ± 0.29

106.1 ± 0.36

< 0.001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)^a

73.1 ± 0.25

63.4 ± 0.19

< 0.001