Table 1 Selected fecal metabolites with large, HCl-acidified drinking water-induced level changes (n = 6 mice).
Molecule | Molecule description | Fold change by acidified water | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
7alpha-hydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oic acid | A bile acid | 140.7 | 0.00467 |
6beta-hydroxycortisol | A metabolite of the steroid hormone, cortisol | 334.1 | 0.00244 |
2-Methyl-3-oxo-propanoic acid | An intermediate in the metabolism of propionic acid, a short-chain fatty acid produced and secreted by gut bacteria. 2-methyl-3-oxo-propanoic acid is a substrate for the mitochondrial enzymes, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase, alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 and methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase | 492.4 | 0.0024 |
I-123 BMIPP | It is iodofiltic acid (123I), a long-chain fatty acid | 2620.1 | 0.000002 |
Lactobionic acid | A disaccharide formed between beta-d-galactose and d-gluconic acid. It has a role as an antioxidant | -251.9 | 0.0009 |
l-Adrenaline | Also known as epinephrine. A hormone secreted by the adrenal glands and a neurotransmitter in the brain. It stimulates both alpha and beta adrenergic receptors | 419.1 | 0.0023 |
N-palmitoyl serine | A selective competitive antagonist of the lysophospholipid receptors, a class of G protein-coupled plasma membrane receptors with growth factor-like effects | 1351.9 | 0.000034 |
PA(18:3(6Z,9Z,12Z)/0:0) | 1-(6Z, 9Z, 12Z-octadecatrienoyl)-glycero-3-phosphate, a glycerophospholipid | 2399.3 | 0.000005 |
PE(18:1(9Z)/19:1(9Z)) | 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-2-(9Z-nonadecenoyl)-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, a glycerophospholipid | 1732.6 | 0.000001 |
PI(22:6(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)/0:0) | 1-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-glycero-3-phospho-(1′-myo-inositol), a glycerophospholipid | 3019.8 | 0.000002 |
PS(P-16:0/15:1(9Z)) | 1-(1Z-hexadecenyl)-2-(9Z-pentadecenoyl)-glycero-3-phosphoserine, a glycerophospholipid | 419.1 | 0.0017 |
Trans-EKODE-(E)-Ib | Trans-12,13-Epoxy-11-oxo-trans-9-octadecenoic acid, a fatty acid | 1089.8 | 0.0001 |
Thromboxane B2 | An inactive metabolite of thromboxane A2, which is involved in platelet activation and aggregation in case of a wound | 1169.6 | 0.0001 |
Tyramine-O-sulfate | A sulfate derivative of tyramine. Tyramine is a cholinesterase inhibitor and acts as a neurotransmitter via a G protein-coupled receptor with high affinity for tyramine called TA1 | 6129.0 | 0.000024 |
