Figure 5

Modelled electricity generation costs—total and O&M—versus potential daily expenditure on electricity per poor household per day. These cost estimates are calculated under the adverse PV conditions scenario and clustered in five groups, according to the ratio between the potential daily expenditure on electricity and the modelled generation cost (total and O&M). Blue columns show average diesel-based electricity costs per country (O&M costs are presented in light blue), and red columns show average PV electricity generation costs (O&M costs are presented in light red). Rhombus sow the average potential daily expenditure on electricity per country. Group I clusters the countries where this expenditure is greater than the generation cost per day. Stated differently, in these countries electricity is more affordable among poor households. At the other extreme, in Group IV, electricity generation costs per day are at least 50% higher than the potential daily expenditure on electricity. In other words, in these countries poor populations face more difficulty in covering the cost of electricity. If the competing technology is cheaper across all locations within the country, the modelled cost (either PV or diesel) is not shown.