Table 1 Socio-demographic variables and risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cases and controls.

From: Polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the population living in a highly polluted area in Italy

 

Cases (N = 62)

Controls (N = 102)

Gender

Male

42 (67.7%)

69 (67.6%)

Female

20 (32.3%)

33 (32.4%)

Age, years

Mean (range)

70.1 (50–84.4)

70.0 (47.3–85.8)

Education, school years

≤ 8 years

49 (79.0%)

65 (63.4%)

> 8 years

13 (21.0%)

37 (36.3%)

Residence

Main town

11 (17.7%)

36 (35.3%)

Province

51 (82.3%)

66 (64.7%)

Risk factors for HCC†

HCV‡

26 (41.9%)

3 (2.9%)

HBV§

4 (6.5%)

2 (2.0%)

Heavy alcohol intake (60 + g/day)

13 (21.0%)

5 (4.9%)

None of them

19 (30.6%)

92 (90.2%)

  1. †p < 0.01.
  2. ‡HCV infection alone + HCV and HBV co-infection + HCV infection and heavy alcohol intake (60 + g/day).
  3. §HBV infection alone + HBV infection and heavy alcohol intake (60 + g/day).
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