Figure 4

Boxplots showing the distribution of \(\Delta [K^{+}]\) (blue) and all the described PCA-based time-warping biomarkers (\(d_{w}^{u}\), \(d_a\), \(d_w^{\mathrm{NL}}\), \(d_a^{\mathrm{NL}}\), \(d_{w}\), and \({\hat{d}}_{w,c}\)) (red), computed at different time points from the beginning, \(h_0\), to the end, \(h_4\), of the HD session (\(h_0\) to \(h_4\) in Fig. 1). \(\Delta [K^{+}]\) was computed as in (23). + denotes outliers.