Table 2 Participant’s baseline characteristics by neurocognitive status among HIV-infected participants of National NeuroAIDS Tissue Consortium (NNTC).

From: Neurocognitive status and risk of mortality among people living with human immunodeficiency virus: an 18-year retrospective cohort study

Variables

Global T scoresa

p value

Unimpaired  > 40

Impaired  ≤ 40

n (%)b

n (%)b

Total

527c (60.1)

350c (39.1)

 

Gender

   

Male

424 (80.5)

271 (77.4)

0.2791*

ARV medication use

  

0.0157*

No current ARV

45 (9.1)

29 (8.9)

 

Current non-cART

49 (9.8)

59 (18.0)

 

Current cART

402 (81.1)

239 (73.1)

 

Race

  

0.003*

White

266 (51.9)

211 (61.7)

 

Black

215 (42.0)

98 (28.6)

 

Other

33 (9.6)

33 (9.6)

 

Ethnicity

  

 < 0.0001*

Hispanic or Latino

119 (22.6)

126 (36.0)

 

Not Hispanic or Latino

408 (77.4)

224 (64.0)

 

Hypertension history

121 (29.9)

62 (25.4)

0.2138*

Diabetes history

46 (11.39)

43 (17.7)

0.0242*

Hyperlipidemia history

100 (24.7)

48 (19.6)

0.1291*

Viral hepatitis history

139 (34.5)

104 (42.8)

0.0340*

End stage liver disease history

9 (2.2)

8 (3.3)

0.4157*

Chronic renal disease history

30 (7.5)

17 (7.0)

0.8252*

Cardiac disease history

40 (9.9)

26 (10.7)

0.7611*

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

44 (10.9)

24 (9.8)

0.6563*

Cerebrovascular disease history

33 (8.2)

43 (17.7)

0.0005*

Non-AIDS defining cancers

31 (7.7)

15 (6.2)

0.4622*

Any non-AIDS defining comorbidityd

287 (70.7)

181 (73.9)

0.3811*

Any CNS comorbiditye

29 (5.9)

44 (13.4)

0.0002*

Alcohol use history

224 (61.5)

98 (45.5)

0.0030*

Cannabis use history

151 (41.5)

62 (28.6)

0.0379*

Cocaine use history

198 (54.4)

87 (40.1)

0.0008*

Hallucinogen use history

28 (7.7)

16 (7.4)

0.8883*

Opiate use history

63 (17.3)

42 (19.3)

0.5345*

Sedative use history

38 (10.4)

24 (11.1)

0.8149*

Stimulant use historye

86 (23.6)

39 (17.9)

0.1089*

 

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

 

Age (years)

47.1 (10.7)

46.5 (10.6)

0.5779**

Years of education (years)

12.3 (3.6)

12.2 (3.2)

0.5779**

Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) total score

13.1 (10.1)

15.4 (10.4)

0.0001**

Hemoglobin (g/dl)

13.4 (1.8)

13.2 (1.9)

0.0395**

CD4 Nadir (cells/µl)

138.7 (213.6)

138.1 (210.0)

0.9744**

CD4 cell count (cells/µl)

301.9 (298.8)

273.1 (273.5)

0.1565**

Plasma viral load (log10 copies/ml)

2.9 (1.3)

3.1 (1.4)

0.0561**

Number of non-AIDS defining comorbiditiesd

1.4 (1.3)

1.6 (1.5)

0.2521**

Number of CNS comorbiditiesf

0.05 (0.2)

0.1 (0.4)

 < .0001**

Duration of HIV (years)

13.3 (7.4)

12.7 (7.6)

0.1615**

Number of substances usedg

2.1 (1.7)

1.6 (1.7)

0.0323**

  1. *Cochran Mantel–Haenszel statistics (score = modified ridit). **Analysis of variance.
  2. aScores range between 0 and 100 and higher T scores imply better neurocognitive status.
  3. bColumn percentages.
  4. cSample size may be lower for variables due to missing data.
  5. dIncludes history of hypertension, diabetes, viral hepatitis, end-stage liver disease, hyperlipidemia, chronic renal disease, cardiac disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cerebrovascular disease.
  6. eDefined as use of amphetamines, diet pills, ice, khat, methamphetamine, Ritalin, speed and uppers.
  7. fPrimary CNS lymphoma, toxoplasma encephalitis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, CMV ventriculo-encephalitis, cryptococcal meningitis, histoplasma meningitis, coccidiodes meningitis, tuberculous meningitis, syphilitic meningitis, lymphomatous meningitis, and other specific meningitis.
  8. gIncludes history of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, hallucinogen, opiate, sedative and stimulant use.
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