Figure 6
Influence of heparin and citrate dose on the stimulating property of endotoxin on monocytes. Serum with increasing concentrations of heparin (A) or citrate (B) was mixed with fresh blood cells in a 1:1 ratio (volume serum:volume blood cells), spiked with 10 ng/mL LPS and then incubated at 37 °C for 4 h. Activation of TLR4 of monocytes was determined by cytokine release. Mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments with blood from three different donors are shown. The bars marked with * show a significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher (A) or lower (B) cytokine level compared to sample without anticoagulants.
