Table 2 Estimation of LC50 and LC90 (in mg L−1) and confidence interval of Baccharis spp., limonene, spinosyn-based synthetic insecticide and azadirachtin on adults of Drosophila suzukii at 120 HAE in topical bioassays and ingestion.

From: Insecticidal and oviposition deterrent effects of essential oils of Baccharis spp. and histological assessment against Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

Treatments

Slope ± SE

LC50 (95% CI)a,b

LC90 (95% CI)a,b

χ2c

df

Ingestion bioassay

Limonene

2.90 ± 0.34

19.81 (18.54–22.15) b

25.11 (23.11–26.14) b

9.08

6

B. anomala

2.81 ± 0.42

11.64 (8.74–13.45) a

18.98 (17.10–20.05) a

8.13

6

B. calvescens

3.12 ± 0.31

8.89 (6.83–10.45) a

17.42 (16.08–20.15) a

7.12

6

B. mesoneura

2.98 ± 0.24

6.71 (5.12–9.11) a

17.02 (16.04–19.78) a

8.11

6

B. milleflora

2.64 ± 0.32

6.44 (5.74–9.15) a

19.23 (18.78–20.07) a

8.45

6

B. oblongifolia

3.10 ± 0.43

6.52 (5.02–9.74) a

18.13 (16.17–20.19) a

7.12

6

B. trimera

2.67 ± 0.30

10.42 (8.16–11.11) a

21.04 (17.78–22.04) a

9.75

6

B. uncinella

3.14 ± 0.27

7.82 (6.57–10.14) a

17.20 (16.01–18.56) a

8.19

6

Spinetoram

2.79 ± 0.21

25.40 (21.50–27.17) b

51.89 (48.6–53.17) c

9.76

6

Azadirachtin

2.78 ± 0.23

160.14 (155.1–162.45) c

310.45 (304.4 ± 318.03) d

8.12

6

Topical application bioassay

Limonene

2.14 ± 0.13

11.52 (9.10–13.12) b

29.74 (27.11–30.05) b

7.13

6

B. anomala

3.11 ± 0.42

5.94 (3.72–7.10) a

18.74 (16.11–20.15) a

9.12

6

B. calvescens

2.75 ± 0.53

3.40 (2.75–5.10) a

19.45 (17.83–21.14) a

6.04

6

B. mesoneura

2.89 ± 0.42

4.14 (3.74–5.01) a

18.11 (17.54–20.04) a

8.13

6

B. milleflora

3.12 ± 0.32

5.69 (3.15–7.97) a

19.75 (17.45–20.12) a

8.02

6

B. oblongifolia

2.98 ± 0.54

3.12 (2.66–3.89) a

22.15 (16.54–25.19) a

7.74

6

B. trimera

3.10 ± 0.64

5.83 (3.78–5.19) a

16.11 (13.07–22.78) a

6.82

6

B. uncinella

2.96 ± 0.89

7.76 (4.40–8.75) a

21.07 (16.01–23.98) a

7.02

6

Spinetoram

3.75 ± 0.11

10.55 (10.05–12.11) b

54.13 (49.54–58.11) c

8.10

6

Azadirachtin

2.18 ± 0.10

204.13 (199.66–206.11) c

416.84 (399.14–420.16) d

8.25

6

  1. df degrees of freedom.
  2. aLC50 and LC90: Insecticide concentrations (mg L−1) required to kill 50% or 90% of D. suzukii adults, respectively (CI 95% confidence interval).
  3. bLC50 and LC90 values designated by different letters within a column are significantly different from each other through nonoverlap of 95% Cis.
  4. cP > 0.05 in the goodness-of-fit test.
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