Table 1 The effects of various reaction conditions on the oxidative cleavage of coumarin-3-carboxylic acid with A-CQDs/W.
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Entry | Catalyst | PTC (mmol) | Solvent | H2O2/Substrate (mmol/mmol) | T (°C) | Conversion (%)a | Yield (%)b |
1 | – | – | H2O | 3/1 | 90 | Trace | Trace |
2 | Na2WO4 (0.02 mmol) | – | H2O | 3/1 | 90 | Trace | Trace |
3 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | – | H2O | 0 | 90 | Trace | Trace |
4 | A-CQDs (1 mg) | – | H2O | 3/1 | 90 | 73 | 61 |
5 | A-CQDs (10 mg) | H2O | 3/1 | 90 | 75 | 63 | |
6 | A-CQDs/W (0.25 mol%) | – | H2O | 3/1 | 90 | 79 | 69 |
7 | A-CQDs/W (0.5 mol%) | – | H2O | 3/1 | 90 | 88 | 75 |
8 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | – | H2O | 3/1 | 90 | 95 | 86 |
9 | A-CQDs/W (1.5 mol%) | – | H2O | 3/1 | 90 | 86 | 73 |
10 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | 0.1 | H2O | 3/1 | 90 | 87 | 73 |
11 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | – | H2O | 2/1 | 90 | 79 | 68 |
12 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | – | H2O | 4/1 | 90 | 71 | 62 |
13 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | – | H2O/EtOH | 3/1 | 90 | 90 | 83 |
14 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | – | H2O/Toluene | 3/1 | 90 | 88 | 57 |
15 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | – | H2O/CH3CN | 3/1 | 90 | 71 | 20 |
16 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | – | Pure EtOH | 3/1 | 90 | 80 | 61 |
17 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | – | H2O | 3/1 | RT | trace | trace |
18 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | – | H2O | 3/1 | 50 | 21 | 17 |
19 | A-CQDs/W (1 mol%) | – | H2O | 3/1 | 70 | 84 | 67 |
