Figure 1
From: Endosperm cell size reduction caused by osmotic adjustment during nighttime warming in rice
Images of mature rice kernels in control (A, C) and HNT treatment (B, D). (C) and (D) indicate the top view of the mature kernels. 35 DAH endosperm cell area plotted against the distance (in %) from central point to the lateral epidermis of transverse sections (corresponding to the dashed line in A and B) of the kernels in each treatment (E). In the inset in (E), number of endosperm cells across the same zone was counted. Epi, epidermis; NS, no significance. Time course of changes in inner endosperm cell volume (corresponding to the dotted line in E, 30–50% distance) in each treatment (F). White and black circles in (E) and (F) indicate the control and HN treatments, respectively. The gray area in (F) indicates the duration of treatment; an arrow indicates the time conducting picoPPESI-MS and water status measurements. Data in (E) are the mean ± SE of 7–64 individual cells collected in 4–5 kernels from three plants. Data in (F) are the mean ± SE of 30–58 individual cells collected in 3–5 kernels from three plants.*, ** and *** shows p < 0.1, 0.05 and 0.01 by t-test, respectively. (A–D) scale bars = 1 mm.
