Table 4 Contributions to CSS by virus and number of virus detections.

From: Differences in clinical severity of respiratory viral infections in hospitalized children

 

Univariate Change in CSS (95% CI)

Multivariate Change in CSS (95% CI)

ADV

− 0.27 (95% CI: − 0.45, − 0.1, p = 0.002)

− 0.2 (95% CI: − 0.38, − 0.02, p = 0.033)

HBoV

− 0.08 (95% CI: − 0.39, 0.24, p = 0.64)

0 (95% CI: − 0.33, 0.33, p = 0.997)

HMPV

0.44 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.7, p < 0.001)

0.47 (95% CI: 0.22, 0.72, p < 0.001)

HPIV1

− 0.1 (95% CI: − 0.43, 0.24, p = 0.579)

− 0.06 (95% CI: − 0.41, 0.28, p = 0.711)

HPIV2

− 0.09 (95% CI: − 0.68, 0.51, p = 0.774)

0.01 (95% CI: − 0.59, 0.62, p = 0.966)

HPIV3

0.28 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.53, p = 0.032)

0.31 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.56, p = 0.016)

HPIV4

− 0.31 (95% CI: − 1.57, 0.95, p = 0.63)

0.14 (95% CI: − 1.25, 1.53, p = 0.842)

HRV

0.06 (95% CI: − 0.04, 0.16, p = 0.245)

0.03 (95% CI: − 0.07, 0.14, p = 0.534)

Flu A

− 0.11 (95% CI: − 0.25, 0.02, p = 0.098)

− 0.12 (95% CI: − 0.25, 0.02, p = 0.086)

Flu B

− 0.49 (95% CI: − 0.77, − 0.21, p < 0.001)

− 0.28 (95% CI: − 0.55, 0, p = 0.05)

RSV

0.29 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.4, p < 0.001)

0.3 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.42, p < 0.001)

PCR Neg.

Ref.

Ref.

1 detection

0.13 (0.04, 0.22, p = 0.0055)

0.11 (0.01, 0.2, p = 0.0243)

2 detections

0.04 (− 0.11, 0.2, p = 0.5759)

0.07 (− 0.09, 0.23, p = 0.3814)

\(\ge\) 3 detections

0.31 (− 0.08, 0.71, p = 0.1194)

0.51 (0.1, 0.92, p = 0.0157)

  1. Table shows differences in CSS by virus detected estimated by regression with CSS as the outcome with viral detections as predictors. The first column is univariate (virus only) model, the second is the multivariate model (adjusted for age, sex, smoking inside the child’s home, SES, calendar year, month of year, daycare attendance, and breastfeeding status). For example, HMPV is associated with 0.51 (95% CI 0.22, 0.80, \(p<0.001\)) higher CSS adjusted for the confounders. The bottom part of the table shows contributions to CSS by 1, 2, or \(\ge 3\) virus detections as compared to PCR negative patients. ADV Adenovirus, HBoV Human bocavirus, HMPV Human metapneumoviruses, HPIV-1, -2, -3, -4 Human parainfluenza viruses 1–4, HRV Human rhinovirus, Flu A influenza A, Flu B influenza B, RSV respiratory syncytial virus.
  2. Estimates displayed in bold face indicate statistical significance (p<0.05).
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