Figure 2
From: Oscillatory pattern of glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose variability and prevalence of stationary and non-stationary glycemic oscillatory pattern in females and males with T1D and control participants. (A) HbA1c is increased in T1D patients independent of sex. Indeed, T1D females and male patients showed a significant increase of HbA1c compared to her/his matched Control group (Two ways ANOVA, following Holm-Sidak posthoc; F (DFn: 2, DFd: 181) = 32.43; p < 0.0001). (B) T1D females and males patients display an increase of standard deviation (SD) of glycemia compared to her/his matched Control group (Two ways ANOVA, following Holm-Sidak posthoc; F (DFn: 2, DFd: 180) = 35.30; p < 0.0001). (C) Compared to her matched Control group, T1D female subjects showed a significant increase of coefficient of variation (CV) of glycemia (Two ways ANOVA, following Holm-Sidak posthoc; F (DFn: 2, DFd: 180) = 15.89; p < 0.0001). Male with T1D showed a significant difference compared to his control group (Two ways ANOVA, following Holm-Sidak posthoc; F (DFn: 2, DFd: 180) = 15.89; p < 0.0001). (D) Left panel showed an example of stationary and non-stationary oscillatory signal. Stationary signal is characterized by a constant variance, and contrarily, non-stationary signal did not display a constant variance. Right panel showed the prevalence of stationary and non-stationary glycemic oscillatory pattern for 6 days of analysis. Stationary and non-stationary signals were analyzed by R Core Team (2020)39.
