Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of STEMI patients by smoking status.
Never smoker (n = 4549) | Former smoker (n = 1703) | Current smoker (n = 6055) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age in years, median (IQR) | 61.3 (53.8–70.8) | 61.1 (53.2–70.3) | 54.4 (48.0–61.1) | < 0.001 |
Male, n (%) | 2966 (65.2) | 1633 (95.9) | 5876 (97.0) | < 0.001 |
Ethnicity, n (%) | ||||
Chinese | 3057 (67.2) | 1057 (62.0) | 3500 (57.8) | < 0.001 |
Malay | 647 (14.2) | 371 (21.8) | 1453 (24.0) | |
Indian | 778 (17.1) | 235 (13.8) | 997 (16.5) | |
Others | 67 (1.5) | 40 (2.4) | 105 (1.7) | |
History of diabetes, n (%) | 1573 (34.6) | 567 (33.3) | 1316 (21.7) | < 0.001 |
History of hypertension, n (%) | 2867 (63.0) | 1042 (61.3) | 2491 (41.2) | < 0.001 |
History of hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 2341 (51.5) | 948 (55.7) | 2331 (38.5) | < 0.001 |
History of AMI/CABG/PCI, n (%) | 587 (12.9) | 410 (24.1) | 846 (14.0) | < 0.001 |
BMI in kg/m2, median (IQR) | 24.5 (22.3–27.2) | 24.9 (22.6–27.4) | 24.5 (22.3–27.3) | 0.035 |
Killip class on admission, n (%) | ||||
I | 3712 (81.5) | 1426 (83.8) | 5109 (84.4) | < 0.001 |
II | 217 (4.8) | 89 (5.2) | 289 (4.8) | |
III | 203 (4.5) | 70 (4.1) | 182 (3.0) | |
IV | 416 (9.2) | 117 (6.9) | 473 (7.8) | |
CPR in ambulance/ED, n (%) | 198 (4.4) | 49 (2.9) | 199 (3.3) | 0.003 |
Serum creatinine in 10 µmol on admission, median (IQR) | 9.0 (7.4–11.2) | 9.6 (8.2–11.6) | 8.9 (7.7–10.4) | < 0.001 |
Haemoglobin in g/dL on admission, median (IQR) | 14.0 (12.7–15.2) | 14.5 (13.3–15.4) | 15.1 (14.1–16.1) | < 0.001 |
Left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%, n (%) | 2629 (62.4) | 1030 (64.4) | 3384 (59.9) | 0.001 |
Anterior infarct, n (%) | 2300 (50.6) | 814 (47.8) | 3048 (50.3) | 0.127 |
Symptom-to-balloon time in minutes, median (IQR) | 193 (125–330) | 196 (122–322) | 180 (120–301) | < 0.001 |
