Table 2 Association between pet ownership and sleep in the SCAPIS cohort (Uppsala).

From: Association between pet ownership and sleep in the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS)

 

Pet owner

Non-pet owner

Cat owner

Non-cat owner

Dog owner

Non-dog owner

OR [95% CI], P

OR [95% CI], P

OR [95% CI], P

Odds of experiencing poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5)

No. of subjects

1406

2382

863

2925

613

3175

PSQI > 5 (%)

51.7

49.6

53.3

49.5

50.6

50.4

Fully adjusteda

1.00 [0.87,1.15], P = 0.997

1

1.11 [0.94,1.30], P = 0.22

1

0.92 [0.76,1.10], P = 0.35

1

Odds of having difficulty with initiating sleep at night

No. of subjects

1648

2865

1011

3502

728

3785

DIS (%)

11.4

11.1

12.5

10.8

11.1

11.2

Fully adjusteda

0.93 [0.76,1.14], P = 0.51

1

1.08 [0.86,1.35], P = 0.52

1

0.89 [0.68,1.16], P = 0.38

1

Odds of having difficulty with staying asleep at night

No. of subjects

1657

2881

1017

3521

736

3802

DSA (%)

39.6

38.5

40.4

38.5

40.2

38.7

Fully adjusteda

1.01 [0.89,1.15], P = 0.84

1

1.05 [0.91,1.22], P = 0.49

1

1.01 [0.86,1.20], P = 0.89

1

Odds of sleeping < 7 h per day

No. of subjects

1669

2905

1026

3548

741

3833

 < 7 h/day (%)

36.1

34.0

38.6

33.7

35.4

34.7

Fully adjusteda

1.04 [0.91,1.18], P = 0.60

1

1.18 [1.02,1.37], P = 0.028

1

0.96 [0.81,1.13], P = 0.59

1

  1. CI, confidence interval; DIS, difficulty initiating sleep; DSA, difficulty staying asleep; No., number; OR, odds ratio; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.
  2. aLogistic regression was adjusted for the following variables: sex, education, age, BMI, social interaction, regular physical activity, alcohol frequency, socio-economic stability, night shift work, diabetes, sleep apnea, constant stress, current smoking.