Table 5 Phytotoxicity studies of Indanthrene Blue RS, textile effluent, and its metabolites formed after degradation by consortium-BP.

From: Enhanced degradation of anthraquinone dyes by microbial monoculture and developed consortium through the production of specific enzymes

Parameters

df

f-value

p-value

T.aestivum

df

f-value

p-value

P. mungo

Distilled water

Indanthrene Blue RSa

Extracted metabolitesa

Distilled water

Indanthrene Blue RSa

Extracted metabolitesa

Germination (%)

   

100

60

100

   

100

40

100

Plumule (cm)

8

9.311

0.014*

5.07 ± 0.19

3.37 ± 0.65

4.30 ± 0.49*

8

35.666

0.000*

8.16 ± 0.86

2.20* ± 0.43

6.34 ± 1.18

Radicle (cm)

8

17.397

0.003*

2.64 ± 0.75

0.75 ± 0.48*

3.28 ± 0.31

8

50.393

0.000*

2.22 ± 0.29

0.56** ± 0.08

2.35 ± 0.29

  1. df: degrees of freedom.
  2. Values are mean of three experiments, SEM ( ±), significantly different from the seeds germinated in distilled water (control) at *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s-HSD Comparisons Test.
  3. aConcentration = 500 mg L−1.
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