Figure 2
From: Background factors for chronic low back pain resistant to cognitive behavioral therapy
Examination for intelligence level. The WAIS-IV results in each group are shown. There were no significant between-group difference in overall test IQ, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed, which were indicative of an average3 intellectual level. However, in the non-adaption group, the verbal comprehension index (83.35 [± 11.70]) was determined as a dull normal level compared with the same-age segment; moreover, there was a significant between-group difference (p < 0.01). Compared with the adaptation group, the non-adaptation group may have significantly lower verbal comprehension (i.e., language communicating ability to understand or express the language).
