Table 3 Fold increase of cytokine expression in patients with neovascular AMD and geographic atrophy (GA) as compared controls for different stimulation conditions.

From: EX-vivo whole blood stimulation with A2E does not elicit an inflammatory cytokine response in patients with age-related macular degeneration

 

Neovascular AMD

P value

GA

P value

Non-treated

TNF-α

0.99 (0.56–1.76)

0.98

1.28 (0.58–2.80)

0.54

IL-6

1.29 (0.72–2.32)

0.39

1.91 (0.90–4.04)

0.093

IL-10

0.64 (0.32–1.28)

0.21

1.03 (0.42–2.56)

0.95

LPS-treated

TNF-α

1.30 (0.71–2.39)

0.40

1.24 (0.57–2.72)

0.59

IL-6

1.13 (0.63–2.01)

0.68

1.76 (0.75–4.13)

0.20

IL-10

0.93 (0.53–1.65)

0.81

0.74 (0.35–1.53)

0.41

CML-treated

TNF-α

0.81 (0.42–1.54)

0.52

0.46 (0.20–1.06)

0.068

IL-6

0.60 (0.30–1.20)

0.15

0.77 (0.35–1.70)

0.52

IL-10

0.63 (0.34–1.17)

0.14

0.71 (0.32–1.55)

0.39

A2E-treated

TNF-α

1.41 (0.63–3.14)

0.40

2.61 (1.00–6.83)

0.051

IL-6

0.82 (0.45–1.48)

0.51

0.97 (0.49–1.93)

0.93

IL-10

1.31 (0.73–2.35)

0.37

1.03 (0.49–2.19)

0.94

  1. Data are presented as estimated odds ratios adjusted for age and sex per incremental increase in Z-score of cytokine expression with 95% confidence intervals. Reference group were healthy controls.
  2. AMD age-related macular degeneration, GA geographic atrophy, LPS lipopolysaccharide, CML Nε-carboxymethyllysine, A2E N-retinyl-N-retinylidene ethanolamine, TNF-α tumour necrosis factor α, IL interleukin.