Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Molecular dynamics simulation study on the effect of perfluorosulfonic acid side chains on oxygen permeation in hydrated ionomers of PEMFCs

Figure 4

Density distributions of hydrated Nafion ionomer (with included water and hydronium ions; black lines), water and hydronium ions (blue lines), and O2 molecules (red lines) on the Pt (111) surface along the thickness direction, with λ values of (a) 2.92, (b) 6.15, (c) 9.77, and (d) 13.83. Dashed lines show the previously reported density for hydrated bulk Nafion20. The purple line indicates the point of O2 solvation occurs from the interface of gas/hydrated Nafion.

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