Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: Activation of nuclear factor-kappa B by TNF promotes nucleus pulposus mineralization through inhibition of ANKH and ENPP1

Figure 2

TNF increases mineral deposition in bNP cells. (a) Representative image of Alizarin red and von Kossa stained cells: no staining in naïve or LacZ transduced cells. Positive staining in TNAP transduced cells after 3 weeks of incubation in mineralizing medium (n = 3); (b) representative image of Alizarin red staining (1 week) and spectrophotometric quantifications of the staining. Increase of mineral deposition observed in cultures of TNAP-transduced bNP cells treated with 20 ng/mL of TNF (n = 4); (c) representative image of Alizarin red staining and spectrophotometric quantifications of the staining (1 week). Increase of mineral deposition observed in TNAP/shANKH and TNAP/TNF double transduced bNP cells compared to TNAP single transduced cells (n = 3–5); (d) representative image of Alizarin red staining and spectrophotometric quantifications of the staining (1 week). A decrease in mineralization and reduction of TNF-induced mineral deposition when the ANKH gene is over-expressed in TNAP cells (n = 3–5). Significance represents *p < 0.05 or **p < 0.005. Data analyzed using one-way ANOVA.

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