Table 1 General characteristics of included studies.
Study | Month, Year | Study design | Sample size | Baseline severity | Age, in mean (SD) or median (IQR) | Males (%) | Tests involved |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cao et al. | July, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 244 | Moderate, severe, critical | 62.58 (13.43) | 133 (54.5%) | hsTnI |
Chen et al. | March, 2020 | Cross-sectional | 150 | Non-severe, severe | 59 (16) | 84 (56%) | cTnI, NT-proBNP |
Cummings et al. | June, 2020 | Prospective cohort | 257 | Critical | 62 (51–72) | 171 (67%) | hsTnT |
Deng et al. | July, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 112 | Non-severe, severe | 65.0 (49.0–70.8) | 57 (50.9%) | cTnI > 0.04, cTnI > 0.12, ECG (ST elevation, ST-T wave changes), echocardiography (LVEF < 50%, TAPSE < 16 mm, pulmonary hypertension signs, pericardial effusion > 5 mm) |
Gao et al. | April, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 54 | Severe | 60.4 (16.1) | 24 (44.4%) | NT-proBNP |
Ge et al. | January, 2020 | Prospective cohort | 51 | Severe, critical | 70 (58.0–79.0) | 37 (72.5%) | Echo (at least one abnormality) |
Gil-Rodrigo et al. | August, 2020 | Prospective cohort | 1000 | Not indicated | 62 (18) | 562 (56.2%) | cTnI, NT-proBNP |
He et al. | June, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 54 | Severe, critical | 68.0 (59.8–74.3) | 34 (63%) | NT-proBNP |
Hong et al. | March, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 18 | Severe, critical | 63.5 (51.5–67.5) | 9 (50%) | cTnI, CK, CK-MB, NT-proBNP |
Huang et al. | August, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 60 | Severe | 57 (26–97) | 35 (58.3%) | cTnT, CK, CK-MB |
Knight et al. | September, 2020 | Case–control | 828 | Not indicated | NA | NA | hsTnT, CMR |
Li et al. | August, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 157 | Not indicated | NA | NA | echocardiography (RV dysfunction, heart failure) |
Liu et al. | January, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 34 | Not indicated | 60.5 (40–80) | 18 (52.9%) | BNP, cTnI |
McCullough et al. | July, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 756 | Not indicated | 64.0 (51.9–74.6) | 478 (63.2%) | ECG (atrial fibrillation, PACs, PVCs, AV block first degree, AV block third degree, abnormal axis, RBBB, LBBB, nonspecific intraventricular block, LV hypertrophy, RV hypertrophy, MI age undetermined, ST elevation, T-wave inversion, nonspecific repolarization abnormality) |
Nie et al. | September, 2020 | Case–control | 311 | Not indicated | 63 (54–70) | 190 (61.1%) | cTnI |
Pagnesi et al. | September, 2020 | Cross-sectional | 200 | Not indicated | 62 (55–74) | 131 (65.5%) | echocardiography (RV dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension signs) |
Rath et al. | June, 2020 | Prospective cohort | 123 | Not indicated | 68 (15) | 77 (62.6%) | cTnI, NT-proBNP, echocardiography (LV hypertrophy, visually estimated impaired RV function, TAPSE < 20 mm, aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, pericardial effusion), ECG (RBBB, LBBB, negative T-wave, ST depression) |
Shi et al. | June, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 671 | Severe | 63 (50–72) | 322 (48.0%) | cTnI, CK-MB, myoglobin |
Szekely et al. | July, 2020 | Prospective cohort | 100 | Mild, moderate, severe | 66.1 (17.3) | 63 (63%) | echocardiography (combined, RV volume overload, pulmonary acceleration time), ECG (long QT, T-wave inversion, ST segment depression, ST segment elevation, LBBB, RBBB, atrial fibrillation), cTnI, BNP |
Li et al. | June, 2020 | Case–control | 227 | Mild, moderate, severe, critical | 55 (17) | 129 (56.8%) | myoglobin, cTn, CK-MB, BNP |
Xu et al. | September, 2020 | Case–control | 102 | Not indicated | NA | NA | TNT-HSST |
Zhang et al. | May, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 30 | ICU, non-ICU | 56.0 (42.0–68.0) | 67 (49.6%) | cTnT |
Zhou et al. | March, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 145 | General, severe, critical | 56.0 (46.0–67.0) | 119 (62%) | hsTnI, CK |
Zou et al. | August, 2020 | Retrospective cohort | 154 | Mostly ICU | 60.68 (13.00) | 67 (43.51%) | hsTnI, CK |
