Table 4 Factors contributing to peritoneal recurrence in pT4 patients after curative resection (n = 61).

From: Interleukin 10 level in the peritoneal cavity is a prognostic marker for peritoneal recurrence of T4 colorectal cancer

 

Peritoneal recurrence (PR)

p

PR (+) (n = 18)

PR (−) (n = 43)

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis

Age (years, Mean ± SD)*

70.7 ± 12.6

67.0 ± 11.6

0.181

 

Gender

  

0.007‡

3.64 (1.42–9.30)

0.086

Male

8

32

  

Female

10

11

  

Body mass Index*

  

0.109

 

Mean ± SD

20.5 ± 3.0

22.2 ± 3.7

  

IL10†

  

0.002‡

10.18(2.33–44.28)

0.012§

Low (≤ 14 pg/ml)

2

27

  

High (> 14 pg/ml)

16

16

  

ASA score

  

0.211

 

ASA 1

3

9

  

ASA 2

9

27

  

ASA 3

6

7

  

Preoperative CEA (ng/mL)

  

0.894

 

 ≤ 5

10

20

  

 > 5

8

19

  

Operation method

  

0.582

 

Open surgery

9

19

  

Laparoscopic surgery

9

24

  

Tumor location

  

0.809

 

Proximal (A-T)

9

21

  

Distal (D-R)

9

22

  

Colon obstruction

  

0.669

 

(+)

5

9

  

(−)

13

34

  

Tumor size (cm)*

  

0.311

 

Median (Q1, Q3)

7.0 (4.9, 9.5)

6.0 (5.0, 8.0)

  

Differentiation

  

0.380

 

WD/MD

13

35

  

PD/UD/Muc

5

8

  

Venous invasion

  

0.283

 

Positive

5

8

  

Negative

13

35

  

Perineural invasion

  

0.397

 

Positive

11

21

  

Negative

7

22

  

Angiolymphatic invasion

  

0.154

 

Positive

13

25

  

Negative

5

18

  

T4 stage

  

0.219

 

T4a

10

31

  

T4b

8

12

  

Node metastasis

  

0.047‡

2.71(1.01–7.25)

0.310

Yes

12

18

  

No

6

25

 

TNM stage**

  

0.557

 

II

6

21

  

III

12

17

  

IV

0

5

  

Chemotherapy

  

0.252

 

Yes

9

28

  

No

9

15

  

Systemic recurrence

  

0.013‡

3.32(1.29–8.49)

0.055

Yes

10

9

  

No

8

34

  
  1. IL interleukin, A ascending, T transverse, D descending, R rectum, (Q1, Q3) (first quartile, third quartile), WD well differentiated, MD moderately differentiated, PD poorly differentiated, UD undifferentiated, Muc mucinous.
  2. *Age and BMI had normal distribution (p > 0.05, Shapiro–Wilk test) but tumor size did not. (p < 0.05 in PR(-)).
  3. †The cut-off value obtained using the maximum value of Youden’s index (sensitivity = 0.889, specificity = 0.628).
  4. ‡p < 0.1, Univariable Cox regression.
  5. §p < 0.05, Multivariable Cox regression.
  6. Conversion cases from laparoscopic to open surgeries were included.
  7. **Cox regression with Firth’s correction.
  8. ††Data from two patients were missed in BMI and four data were missed in CEA.
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