Table 4 In vitro drug susceptibility in different parasite phenotype.

From: Artemisinin combination therapy fails even in the absence of Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 gene polymorphism in Central India

Different parasite phenotype

PC1/2 > 5 h

Culture adaptation

RSA (0–3 h) (mean)

IC50 nMol/L pyrimethamine (mean)

IC50 nMol/L sulfadoxine (mean)

Sensitive < 1%

RS ≥ 1%

S < 100 nM

IR 100–2000 nM

R > 2000n M

S < 640 nM

IR 640–3000 nM

R > 3000 nM

Rapid clearing parasite (PCT ≤ 36 h)

0/47

45/47

0.19% (95% CI 0.14–0.25) 45/45

–

72.43 (95% CI 55.8–88) 12/45

1161.25 (95% CI 523.7–1794.2) 17/45

2512.82 (95% CI 2050.2–29.72) 16/45

372.24 (95% CI 236.3–510.1) 21/45

2271.41 (95% CI 1685.4–2860) 14/45

3570.27 (95% CI 3149.2–3987.7) 10/45

Parasite clearance normal (PCT > 36 h ≤ 48 h

0/72

62/72

0.23% (95% CI 0.15–0.32) 62/62

–

77.21 (95% CI 64.5–91) 8/62

1330.62 (95% CI 767.3–1891.4) 25/62

4696.70 (95% CI 2675.1–6720) 29/62

426.29 (95% CI 291.4–564.3) 12/62

2349.60 (95% CI;1821.5–2875.8) 28/62

5642.51 (95% CI 4276.2–7012.7) 22/62

Delayed clearing parasite) (PCT > 48- ≤ 72 h)

8/52

41/52

0.33% (95% CI 0.22–0.46 37/41

1.92% (95% CI 1.83–2.02) 4/41

88.9 (95% CI 88–90) 2/41

1741.35 (95% CI 1562.8–1920.5) 12/41

7442.39 (95% CI 5486–9400.2) 27/41

412.54 (95% CI 408.1–417.2) 3/41

2718.50 (95% CI 2635.5–2804.1) 6/41

8156.17 (95% CI 6480.7–9832.3) 32/41

Very slow clearing parasite

PCT > 72 h

9/9

8/9

0.94%

1/8

2.76% (95% CI 2.43–3.09) 7/8

–

1887.45

1/8

8004.17 (95% CI 6780.3–9235) 7/8

–

–

8397 (95% CI 7117.2–9680.6)

8/8

3D7

  

0.17% (95% CI 0.14–0.19

–

68.42 ± 2·1

–

–

–

–

4320.50 ± 32.65

  1. Individual ex-vivo ring stage survivability of parasite isolates was represented as RSA. Here S, IR, R and RS stand for Sensitive, Intermittent resistant, Resistant, and Reduced susceptibility, respectively. Parasite clearance time was denoted as PCT and Parasite clearance half-life was denoted as PC1/2.
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