Table 2 Cox model measured hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval of fibromyalgia associated with iron deficiency anemia and covariates.

From: The risk of fibromyalgia in patients with iron deficiency anemia: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Variable

Event no

Person-years

Incidence density#

HR (95%CI)

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Iron deficiency anemia

No

3014

102,479

29.5

Ref

Ref

Yes

3347

88,641

37.8

1.26 (1.20–1.32)

1.19 (1.13–1.25)

Sex

Women

5129

147,980

34.7

1.24 (1.16–1.32)

1.24 (1.16–1.32)

Men

1245

43,140

28.9

Ref

Ref

Age, years

18–39

1877

70,076

26.8

Ref

Ref

40–59

2907

76,051

38.2

1.40 (1.32–1.48)

1.32 (1.24–1.40)

≥ 60

1590

44,992

35.3

1.23 (1.15–1.32)

1.05 (0.97–1.14)

Comorbidity

Diabetes

No

5777

175,900

32.8

Ref

Ref

Yes

597

15,220

39.2

1.13 (1.04–1.23)

0.97 (0.89–1.06)

Obesity

No

6319

190,127

33.2

Ref

Ref

Yes

55

994

55.4

1.59 (1.22–2.08)

1.42 (1.09–1.85)

Osteoarthrosis

No

5061

166,388

30.4

Ref

Ref

Yes

1313

24,732

53.1

1.65 (1.55–1.75)

1.51 (1.41–1.62)

Sleep disorder

No

4919

162,811

30.2

Ref

Ref

Yes

1455

28,309

51.4

1.61 (1.52–1.71)

1.36 (1.27–1.44)

Irritable bowel syndrome

No

5928

182,358

32.5

Ref

Ref

Yes

446

8762

50.9

1.50 (1.37–1.66)

1.25 (1.13–1.38)

Migraine

No

6100

186,279

32.8

Ref

Ref

Yes

274

4841

56.6

1.67 (1.48–1.89)

1.33 (1.18–1.51)

TMJ

No

6330

190,150

33.3

Ref

Ref

Yes

44

970

45.4

1.32 (0.98–1.77)

1.08 (0.80–1.46)

Depression

No

6025

184,138

32.7

Ref

Ref

Yes

349

6982

50.0

1.46 (1.31–1.63)

1.08 (0.96–1.21)

Anxiety

No

5864

181,973

32.2

Ref

Ref

Yes

510

9147

55.8

1.64 (1.49–1.79)

1.19 (1.08–1.31)

  1. HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval.
  2. #Per 1000 person-years.
  3. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model including iron deficiency anemia sex, age, diabetes, obesity, osteoarthrosis, sleep disorder, irritable bowel syndrome, migraine, TMJ, depression, and anxiety.