Figure 5 | Scientific Reports

Figure 5

From: Intranasal immunization with inactivated chlamydial elementary bodies formulated in VCG-chitosan nanoparticles induces robust immunity against intranasal Chlamydia psittaci challenge

Figure 5

Comparison of lung and air sac pathological lesions. Groups of chickens immunized IN (A) or IM (B) as described above were challenged intranasally with 1 × 108 IFU of live C. psittaci 2 weeks after the booster immunization. Chickens from each group (9/group) were euthanized 2 weeks post challenge, and harvested lungs and air sacs were macroscopically examined for pathological lesions and scored. The presence or absence of lesions and lesion severity were scored according to the criteria described in the text and the calculated total group severity score (the sum of the scores for lungs and air sacs) was recorded for each chicken. Differences between experimental groups were compared by One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post multiple comparison test at p* < 0.05 and p** < 0.01.

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