Figure 6 | Scientific Reports

Figure 6

From: Intranasal immunization with inactivated chlamydial elementary bodies formulated in VCG-chitosan nanoparticles induces robust immunity against intranasal Chlamydia psittaci challenge

Figure 6

Concentration of cytokines in lung lavage fluids of chickens immunized with UV-inactivated EB in combination with different VCG doses. Groups of chickens (8/group) were immunized and boosted IN as described in the materials and methods section. Lung lavage fluids were obtained 3 weeks after the booster immunization. The amount of Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12, IL-18), Th2 (IL-4) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in supernatants of lung lavage fluids was quantified using commercial cytokine assay kits from Kingfisher (Kingfisher Biotech Inc, Saint Paul, MN) and Cusabio (Cusabio, Wuhan, China). The concentration of the cytokines in each sample was extrapolated from a standard calibration curve generated simultaneously. Bars represent the mean concentrations (± SD) from 8 chickens and are the results of one of two independent experiments with similar results. Significant differences between groups were evaluated by One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post multiple comparison test at p*** < 0.001, p** < 0.01 and p* < 0.05. Abbreviations: − ve ctr negative controls; + ve ctr positive control.

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