Table 1 Comparison of patients, lesions, and procedural characteristics between the RA and the non-RA groups before and after propensity score matching using the match tolerance set as a width of 0.30 multiplied by the SD of the propensity score distribution.

From: Comparison of the incidence of periprocedural myocardial infarction between percutaneous coronary intervention with versus without rotational atherectomy using propensity score-matching

 

Before propensity score matching

After propensity score matching

RA group (n = 203)

Non-RA group (n = 1147)

p value

Standardized difference

Matched RA group (n = 190)

Matched non-RA group (n = 190)

p value

Standardized difference

Patient characteristics

 Age (years)

74 (62.0–80.0)

72 (64.0–77.0)

0.001

0.331

74.0 (69.0–84.0)

74.0 (69.0–84.0)

0.952

0.010

 Men—n, (%)

145 (71.4)

932 (81.3)

0.002

0.235

138 (72.6)

143 (75.3)

0.640

0.062

Overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)—n, (%)

57 (28.1)

414 (36.1)

0.031

0.172

50 (26.3)

50 (26.3)

1.000

0

 Hypertension—n, (%)

186 (91.6)

1024 (89.3)

0.382

0.078

173 (91.1)

172 (90.5)

1.000

0.021

 Diabetes mellitus—n, (%)

112 (55.2)

538 (46.9)

0.030

0.167

103 (54.2)

148 (77.9)

 <  0.001

0.517

Insulin user—n, (%)

36 (32.1)

(n = 112)

131 (24.3)

(n = 538)

0.096

0.174

32 (31.1)

(n = 103)

45 (30.4)

(n = 148)

1.000

0.015

 Dyslipidemia—n, (%)

178 (87.7)

963 (84.0)

0.206

0.106

165 (86.8)

166 (87.4)

1.000

0.018

 Current smoker—n, (%)

20 (10.4)

(n = 192)

200 (18.0)

(n = 1111)

0.009

0.219

20 (11.1)

(n = 180)

22 (12.0)

(n = 184)

0.870

0.028

Chronic renal failure (creatinine > 2 mg/dl)—n, (%)

55 (27.1)

129 (11.2)

 < 0.001

0.413

46 (24.2)

43 (22.6)

0.809

0.038

 Estimated GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

53.5 (11.2–70.0)

62.9 (47.6–77.8)

 < 0.001

0.433

53.9 (22.43–71.0)

53.1 (29.7–65.8)

0.770

0.021

Chronic renal failure on hemodialysis—n, (%)

53 (26.1)

108 (9.4)

 < 0.001

0.448

45 (23.7)

34 (17.9)

0.206

0.143

Statin treatment—n, (%)

168 (82.8)

871 (75.9)

0.037

0.171

156 (82.9)

159 (83.7)

0.785

0.043

Lesion characteristics

 Reason for PCI

  

0.172

0.108

  

0.958

0.029

PCI to the culprit of ST elevation myocardial infarction—n, (%)

2 (1.0)

5(0.4)

  

2 (1.1)

2 (1.1)

  

 PCI to the culprit of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction—n, (%)

32 (15.8)

141 (12.3)

  

29 (15.3)

31 (16.3)

  

 PCI to the non-AMI lesions—n, (%)

169 (83.3)

1001 (87.3)

  

159 (83.7)

157 (82.6)

  

Target lesion

  

 < 0.001

0.948

  

0.103

0.137

Left main–left anterior descending artery—n, (%)

131 (64.5)

502 (43.8)

  

120 (63.2)

105 (55.3)

  

  Left circumflex artery—n, (%)

18 (8.9)

253 (22.1)

  

18 (9.5)

31 (16.3)

  

 Right coronary artery—n, (%)

54 (26.6)

392 (34.2)

  

52 (27.4)

54 (28.4)

  

 PCI to in-stent restenosis—n, (%)

15 (7.4)

125 (10.9)

0.168

0.122

14 (7.4)

22 (11.6)

0.220

0.144

 PCI to chronic total occlusion—n, (%)

4 (2.0)

120 (10.5)

 < 0.001

0.357

4 (2.1)

5 (2.6)

1.000

0.033

 Reference diameter (mm)

2.39 (2.05–2.71)

2.37 (2.00–2.83)

0.853

0.012

2.38 (2.05–2.71)

2.35 (2.04–2.69)

0.714

0.042

 Lesion length (mm)

18.78 (11.52–35.02)

14.84 (10.02–24.62)

 < 0.001

0.301

17.79 (10.70–31.16)

18.06 (11.21–26.99)

0.513

0.111

 Lesion angle

  

 < 0.001

0.359

  

0.147

0.228

  Mild (< 45°)

85 (41.9)

665 (58.0)

  

83 (43.7)

88 (46.3)

  

 Moderate (45°–90°)

83 (40.9)

375 (32.7)

  

75 (39.5)

83 (43.7)

  

  Severe (> 90°)

35 (17.2)

107 (9.3)

  

32 (16.8)

19 (10.0)

  

 Calcification

  

 < 0.001

1.024

  

0.751

0.011

  None/mild, n (%)

4 (2.0)

864 (75.3)

  

4 (2.1)

6 (3.2)

  

 Moderate/severe, n (%)

199 (98.0)

285 (24.8)

  

186 (97.9)

184 (96.8)

  

  Bifurcation lesion (n = 585)

        

 Medina classification

  

0.097

0.578

  

0.544

1.248

  1,0,0

11 (8.3)

(n = 132)

48 (10.6)

(n = 453)

  

10 (8.4)

(n = 119)

9 (8.7)

(n = 103)

  

  1,0,1

7 (5.3)

(n = 132)

19 (4.2)

(n = 453)

  

7 (5.9)

(n = 119)

2 (1.9)

(n = 103)

  

  1,1,0

41 (31.1)

(n = 132)

124 (27.4)

(n = 453)

  

37 (31.1)

(n = 119)

36 (35.0)

(n = 103)

  

  1,1,1

18 (13.6)

(n = 132)

67 (14.8)

(n = 453)

  

17 (14.3)

(n = 119)

14 (13.6)

(n = 103)

  

  0,1,0

30 (22.7)

(n = 132)

107 (23.6)

(n = 453)

  

27 (22.7)

(n = 119)

21 (20.4)

(n = 103)

  

  0,1,1

23 (17.4)

(n = 132)

54 (11.9)

(n = 453)

  

19 (16.0)

(n = 119)

15 (14.6)

(n = 103)

  

  0,0,1

2 (1.5)

(n = 132)

34 (7.5)

(n = 453)

  

2 (1.7)

(n = 119)

6 (5.8)

(n = 103)

  

Procedural characteristics

 Successful PCI

203 (100)

1134 (98.9)

0.237

0.149

190 (100)

190 (100)

–

–

 Guiding catheter size

  

 < 0.001

0.465

  

 < 0.001

0.688

 ≤ 6Fr—n, (%)

4 (2.0)

638 (55.6)

  

4 (2.1)

76 (40.0)

  

 7Fr—n, (%)

180 (88.7)

427 (37.2)

  

167 (87.9)

110 (57.9)

  

  8Fr—n, (%)

19 (9.4)

82 (7.1)

  

19 (10.0)

4 (2.1)

  

Intra-aortic balloon pump support—n, (%)

1 (0.5)

10 (0.9)

1.000

0.048

1 (0.5)

4 (2.1)

0.372

0.142

 Use of orbital atherectomy—n, (%)

0 (0)

21 (1.8)

0.060

0.191

0 (0)

14 (7.4)

 < 0.001

0.400

 Use of scoring balloon or cutting balloon—n, (%)

73 (36.0)

301 (26.2)

0.004

0.213

71 (37.4)

86 (45.3)

0.145

0.161

 Side branch protection

  

 < 0.001

0.259

  

0.137

0

Jailed wire—n, (%)

81 (39.9)

262 (22.8)

  

74 (38.9)

54 (28.4)

  

 Jailed corsair—n, (%)

7 (3.4)

32 (2.8)

  

6 (3.2)

7 (3.7)

  

  Jailed balloon—n, (%)

2 (1.0)

8 (0.7)

  

1 (0.5)

1 (0.5)

  

 Total stent and DCB length

35.5 (20.0–48.5)

(n = 202)

24.0 (18.0–38.0)

(n = 1117)

 < 0.001

0.386

32.0 (20.0–46.5)

(n = 189)

30.0 (20.0–38.0)

(n = 185)

0.094

0.152

 Kissing balloon technique—n, (%)

0 (0)

12 (1.0)

0.232

0.142

0 (0)

2 (1.1)

0.499

0.149

 Final PCI procedure

  

0.082

0.632

  

0.220

0.424

 DES—n, (%)

170 (83.7)

936 (81.6)

  

158 (83.2)

153 (80.5)

  

 DCB—n, (%)

22 (10.8)

155 (13.5)

  

22 (11.6)

25 (13.2)

  

  DES + DCB—n, (%)

8 (3.9)

18 (1.6)

  

7 (3.7)

6 (3.2)

  

 BMS—n, (%)

2 (1.0)

7 (0.6)

  

2 (1.1)

0 (0)

  

  POBA—n, (%)

1 (0.5)

20 (1.7)

  

1 (0.5)

6 (3.2)

  

 Other—n, (%)

0 (0)

11 (1.0)

  

0 (0)

0 (0)

  
  1. Data are presented as a percentage for categorical variables or a median (quartile 1–quartile 3) for nonparametric variables. A Mann–Whitney U test was used for nonparametric continuous variables. A Fisher’s exact test was used for categorical variables.
  2. RA, rotational atherectomy; BMI, body mass index; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; AMI, acute myocardial infarction; DCB, drug-coated balloon; TIMI, Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction; DES, drug-eluting stent; BMS, bare-metal stent; POBA, plain old balloon angioplasty.
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