Figure 4
From: Tipping points induced by parameter drift in an excitable ocean model

ES subject to the same forcing used in the single forward time integrations of Fig. 3a, b. The filled red circle in the oval indicates the initial state used to initialize the four simulations of Figs. 2 and 3. After an initial transient, it is visually obvious that the ES converges to a stable cylinder-shaped PBA, obtained by the translation in time of an autonomous limit cycle.