Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Chemical cues that attract cannibalistic cane toad (Rhinella marina) larvae to vulnerable embryos

Figure 1

Analytical HPLC (298 nm) chromatogram of extracts obtained from (a) frozen parotoid gland, (b) eggs, (c) early-development tadpole, (d) late-development tadpole and (e) fresh parotoid secretion of cane toads, Rhinella marina [HPLC condition: Agilent Zorbax C8 column, 5 μm, 4.6 × 150 mm, 1 mL/min flow rate 15 min gradient elution from 90% H2O in MeCN, to 100% MeCN, with a constant 0.01% TFA in MeCN modifier]. Highlights: light blue = unspecified bufagenins (MW 400–432); light pink = unspecified bufolipins (MW 630–700); blue = bufagenins 1–5; red = bufotoxins 6–10; pink = bufolipin 11. Structures for 1–11 are shown in Fig. 2, and were assigned on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and comparisons with authentic standards.

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