Table 3 Characteristics of food addiction (FA) subjects (n = 400).
From: A case–control study investigating food addiction in Parkinson patients
Without FA (n = 327) | With FA (n = 73) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender, n (% male) | 206 (63.0) | 34 (46.6) | 0.01 |
Age (years), mean (SD) | 67.9 (9.8) | 65.8 (10.1) | 0.10 |
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 25.6 (4.2) | 25.2 (3.8) | 0.48 |
PD diagnosis, n (%) | 151 (46.2) | 49 (67.1) | 0.001 |
Cumulative LEDD (mg/day), median [IQR] | 0 [0; 450] | 372 [0; 663] | 0.002 |
Levodopa dose (mg/day), median [IQR] | 0 [0; 300] | 74 [0; 500] | 0.008 |
DA medication, n (%) | 73 (22.3) | 28 (38.4) | 0.004 |
DA dose (LEDD, mg/day), median [IQR] | 0 [0; 0] | 0 [0; 160] | 0.007 |
Punding, n (%) | 92 (28.1) | 24 (32.9) | 0.42 |
Compulsive buying, n (%) | 13 (4.0) | 9 (12.3) | 0.009 |
Pathological gambling, n (%) | 6 (1.8) | 3 (4.1) | 0.22 |
Hypersexuality, n (%) | 8 (2.4) | 2 (2.7) | 1.00 |
HADS | |||
HADS-anxiety score, mean (SD) | 7.7 (4.0) | 8.9 (3.7) | 0.02 |
Anxiety cases, n (%) | 72 (22.0) | 27 (37.0) | 0.007 |
HADS-depression score, mean (SD) | 5.6 (3.8) | 5.5 (3.8) | 0.79 |
Depression cases, n (%) | 34 (10.4) | 8 (11.0) | 0.89 |
BIS-11, mean (SD) | |||
Total | 55.7 (8.9) | 57.7 (9.4) | 0.09 |
Motor | 17.1 (3.4) | 17.5 (4.0) | 0.46 |
Non-planning | 22.7 (4.5) | 23.1 (4.2) | 0.45 |
Attentional | 16.0 (3.3) | 17.2 (3.6) | 0.006 |
Food composition inducing craving, n (%) | |||
High-sugar | 12/16 (75.0) | 44/62 (71.0) | 1.00 |
High-fat | 9/16 (56.2) | 49/62 (79.0) | 0.11 |
Chocolate | 7 (2.1) | 28 (38.4) | < 0.001 |
