Table 1 The characteristics of RCTs included in the meta-analysis.
Author, year | Place | Patients (N, male) | Age | Diagnosis | Intervention (N, HCQ protocol) | SOC (N, protocol) | Jadad scale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abd-Elsalam, 2020 | Egypt | 194,118 | 40.72 | PCR | 97; 400 mg twice/day (in day 1) followed by 200 mg tablets twice/day + SOC | 97; Paracetamol, oxygen, fluids, empiric antibiotic, oseltamivir, and invasive mechanical ventilation | 3 |
Chen Z, 2020 | China | 62, 29 | 44.7 | RT-PCR | 31; (400 mg/day (200 mg/bid) between days 1 and 5) + SOC | 31; Oxygen therapy, antiviral and antibacterial agents, immunoglobulin, corticosteroids | 2 |
Chen J, 2020 | China | 30, 21 | 48.6 | PCR | 15; (400 mg per day for 5 days) + SOC | 15; O2 therapy, interferon, lopinavir/ ritonavir, antibiotics, and supportive treatment | 2 |
Chen CP, 2020 | Taiwan | 33, 19 | 32.9 | RT-PCR | 21; HCQ 400 mg twice for 1 day and HCQ 200 mg twice daily for 6 days + SOC | 12; Ceftriaxone, azithromycin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, Oseltamivir | 2 |
Chen L, 2020 | China | 66, 15 | NR | RT-PCR or CT | 18; 200 mg Bid for 10 days | 12; NR | 3 |
Cavalcanti, 2020 | Brazil | 504, 265 | 50.3 | NR | 221; HCQ 400 mg twice daily, for 7 days + SOC | 227; Glucocorticoids, immunomodulators, antibiotic and antiviral agents | 4 |
Kamran, 2020 | Pakistan | 500,466 | 35.96 | PCR | 349; HCQ 400 mg twice a day for day one followed by 200 mg 12 hourly for next 5 days + SOC | 151; Vit C, zinc, Vit-D, Paracetamol, intravenous fluids, hemodynamic monitoring parameters | 3 |
Lyngbakken, 2020 | Norway | 53, 35 | 62 | RT-PCR | 27; HCQ 400 mg twice for 7 days + SOC | 26; NR | 2 |
RC Group,2020 | UK | 4716, 2935 | NR | NR | 1561; 800 mg at 0 and 6 h; 400 mg at 12 h; 400 mg × 9 days + SOC | 3155; NR | 2 |
Tang, 2020 | China | 150, 82 | 46 | Real time RT-PCR | 75; HCQ 1200 mg/day × 3 day followed by 800/day + SOC | 75; Intravenous fluids, supplemental oxygen, , hemodynamic monitoring, and intensive care | 3 |
WHO Solidarity Trial, 2021 | 30 Countries | 1853,1109 | NR | NR | 947,800 mg at 0 and hour 6, starting at hour 12, 800 mg for 10 days | 906; NR | 2 |
