Figure 5

Nyquist plots of impedances from LIBs during (a) 1st discharging and (b) 1st charging and corresponding DRTs are shown in (c,d) respectively with the offset of the global corner as a regularization parameter (λ = 0.06334). The shadings in (c,d) are for illustration only. The voltage dependence of the effective resistances as obtained for peak S1 and S2 are shown in (e,f) respectively. The dash lines in (e,f) are guide to the eye.