Figure 5
From: Environment driven oscillation in an off-lattice May–Leonard model
Characteristic spatial distribution of species at \(\ell _p=\ell _r=0.1\), \(\ell _m=0.01\) parameter values. The only difference is we use \(M=30\) on panel (a), \(M=120\) on panel (b) and \(M=240\) on panel (c). This figure illustrates that alone the value of M is insufficient to characterize the state of environment, because its combination with the length scales and the probabilities determining dynamical processes could tell us the proper living conditions. The increase of M, however, when all other parameters are fixed, can restore the rotating spirals we expect from a cyclically dominant spatial system. Interestingly, the large predation and reproduction ranges result in large portion of empty space which behaves as an additional inseparable part of the spirals.
