Table 1 Application levels of fertilizer and pesticide.

Vegetable		Open-field	Greenhouse	Differences
Tomato	Quantity of chemical fertilizer per mu (kg/mu)	48.729	53.591	− 4.861***
	Pesticide costs per mu (RMB/mu)	149.538	147.425	2.113
	Costs of organic fertilizer per mu (RMB/mu)	148.176	206.612	− 58.435***
	Quantity of chemical fertilizer per kg yield (kg/kg)	0.01124^a	0.01057	0.00067*
	Pesticide costs per kg (RMB/kg)	0.036	0.029	0.006***
	Costs of organic fertilizer per kg (RMB/kg)	0.034	0.039	− 0.005***
	Yield per mu (kg/mu)	4517.629	5170.139	− 652.509***
	Output value per mu (RMB/mu)	4864.846	7036.054	− 2171.208***
	Price per kg (RMB/kg)	0.795	0.962	− 0.167***
Cucumber	Quantity of chemical fertilizer per mu (kg/mu)	46.012	57.452	− 11.440***
	Pesticide costs per mu (RMB/mu)	119.180	155.073	− 35.894***
	Costs of organic fertilizer per mu (RMB/mu)	133.488	196.358	− 62.870***
	Quantity of chemical fertilizer per kg yield (kg/kg)	0.01224^a	0.01151	0.00073*
	Pesticide costs per kg (RMB/kg)	0.033	0.030	0.003**
	Costs of organic fertilizer per kg (RMB/kg)	0.035	0.038	− 0.003**
	Yield per mu (kg/mu)	4018.586	5297.321	− 1278.734***
	Output value per mu (RMB/mu)	3933.373	6933.083	− 2999.710***
	Price per kg (RMB/kg)	0.734	0.935	− 0.201***

*,**,*** indicate statistically significance at the 10%, 5% and 1%, respectively. 1 hectare = 15 mu. Quantity of chemical fertilizer used here is the net quantity calculated after purification.
^aWe keep 5 decimal places due to the small value.

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