Figure 1

Expression patterns of genes related to hypoxia and urinary function in three experimental groups. (A) The thickness of the detrusor muscle in rats in the BOO model. Tissue thickness is shown as the average of 6 spots with a distance of 0.1 mm in the extra layer of muscle. Control rats underwent sham operation. Data are means ± SEM. A significant deferent test for sample-a is shown. **P < 0.01. (B) Cell area of smooth muscle in the BOO model rats. Number of cell nuclei in a single muscle bundle and the area of muscle bundle were measured using ImageJ. [The muscle bundle area/number of cross-sectional nuclei] was calculated and shown as the average of 4 bundles. Data are means ± SEM. A significant deferent test for sample-c is shown. *P < 0.05. (C) HE staining of the urinary bladder tissue in rats in the BOO model. HE stained images are data of samples shown in Fig. 1A and 1B. Yellow dotted lines in upper panels show borders between smooth muscle and lamina propria. Bottom panels show magnification of the detrusor muscle from each upper panel. All images are obtained using AdvanView 3.7 imaging software included in AdvanCam-E3Rs/ALL-IN-ONE system (http://advan-vision.com). (D) Correlations between Vegf levels and the thickness of the detrusor muscle in each rat (n = 9). Vegf mRNA levels were quantified using RNA-seq (TPM counts are shown on the vertical axis). Tissue thickness is the average value of 6 spots in the extra layer of muscle (horizontal axis). The letters above each dot corresponds to sample name in Fig. (A) and (B). (E) Correlations between Hif1α levels and the thickness of the detrusor muscle in each rat. (F) Expression patterns of genes related to urinary function in the control, MH, and SH groups. For each box plot, the box represents the 25th to 75th percentile interval, and the line represents the median. The cross mark represents average. Top or bottom of bar extending from the box represents the maximum or minimum, respectively. *P < 0.05.