Table 1 Physical properties of tropical cyclones impacting mangrove study sites (SRS-4, SRS-5 and SRS-6) along the Shark River Estuary, Everglades, South Florida, USA in the period 2004–2018, including associated litterfall values.

From: Tropical cyclones cumulatively control regional carbon fluxes in Everglades mangrove wetlands (Florida, USA)

Year

Cyclone

Passage date

Study site

Litterfall sampling date

EXS (g m−2)

REXS (%)

Distance (km)

SSHWS

IKET (TJ)

IKEQ (TJ)

Timespan (h)

PIT (TJ km−1)

PIQ (TJ km−1)

2004

Charley

13-Aug

SRS-4

16-Aug

69.6 ± 12.6

8.0

163.0

4

11.3

5.9

7.1

0.49

0.19

   

SRS-5

 

61.2 ± 25.8

7.2

158.9

4

11.3

5.9

7.6

0.54

0.29

   

SRS-6

 

40.7 ± 5.8

3.9

165.8

3

15.5

8.9

7.9

0.58

0.32

 

Frances

5-Sep

SRS-6

NA

NA

NA

222.0

2

81.4

32.5

1.5

0.55

0.22

 

Jeanne

26-Sep

SRS-6

13-Oct

100.6 ± 21.3

9.5

220.4

2

63.1

22.7

1.5

0.45

0.17

2005

Dennis

9-Jul

SRS-4

21-Jul

92.6 ± 33.4

10.8

267.5

1

53.1

37.2

3.0

0.60

0.42

   

SRS-5

 

53.8 ± 36.6

6.2

260.0

1

53.1

37.2

3.0

0.61

0.43

   

SRS-6

 

88.5 ± 25.9

8.1

255.6

1

53.1

37.2

3.0

0.62

0.44

 

Katrina

26-Aug

SRS-4

13-Sep

293.7 ± 67.6

33.7

31.9

1

9.7

6.1

28.5

3.85

2.72

   

SRS-5

 

50.3 ± 5.9

5.5

27.0

1

11.2

9.6

28.7

4.01

2.92

   

SRS-6

 

240.6 ± 15.5

22.8

22.6

1

11.2

9.6

31.2

4.36

3.20

 

Wilma

24-Oct

SRS-4

1-Nov

511.6 ± 36.4

58.9

87.9

2

121.0

72.9

8.1

7.56

4.40

   

SRS-5

 

487.7 ± 16.1

58.9

91.6

2

121.0

72.9

8.2

7.72

4.51

   

SRS-6

 

629.5 ± 38.1

58.9

86.2

3

116.6

70.9

8.3

7.91

4.64

2012

Isaac

27-Aug

SRS-6

10-Sep

104.7 ± 37.2

10.5

188.2

0

41.1

30.1

8.1

1.73

1.26

2017

Irma

10-Sep

SRS-4

10-Oct

644.8 ± 74.9

74.9

72.3

3

140.3

94.9

20.2

25.41

14.98

   

SRS-5

 

655.4 ± 64.2

82.6

64.6

3

140.3

94.9

20.9

27.17

16.15

   

SRS-6

 

940.9 ± 56.9

88.0

60.0

3

140.3

94.9

21.1

28.33

16.91

  1. EXS total amount of excess litterfall material, REXS ratio of the EXS value to annual litterfall baseline (2001–2003), IKE integrated kinetic energy, TJ terajoules, SSHWS Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale, IKET IKE value considering all cyclone quadrants (NE, NW, SE, SW), IKEQ IKE value for selected cyclone quadrants, PI cumulative energy of a cyclone for a timespan and distance, PIT PI value based on IKET for all quadrants, PIQ PI value using IKEQ for selected quadrants, “NA” not measured. Listed distance, SSHWS, IKET, and IKEQ values were recorded when the cyclone was the closest to study sites. See “Methods” for further information and calculations.
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